An international, prospective observational study on traumatic brain injury epidemiology study protocol:  GEO-TBI: Incidence

Joannides A 1 , Korhonen TK 1 , Clark D 1 , Gnanakumar S 1 , Venturini S 1 , Mohan M 1 Show all authors , Bashford T 2 , Baticulon R 3 , Bhagavatula ID 4 , Esene I 5 , Fernández-Méndez R 1 , Figaji A 6 , Gupta D 7 , Khan T 8 , Laeke T 9 , Martin M 10 , Menon D 11 , Paiva W 12 , Park KB 13 , Pattisapu JV 14 , Rubiano AM 15 , Sekhar V 16 , Shabani H 17 , Sichizya K 18 , Solla D 12 , Tirsit A 9 , Tripathi M 19 , Turner C 1 , Depreitere B 20 , Iaccarino C 21 , Lippa L 22 , Reisner A 23 , Rosseau G 24 , Servadei F 25 , Trivedi R 1 , Waran V 26 , Kolias A 1 , Hutchinson P 1 , NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain and Spine Injury , GEO-TBI Collaborative

Affiliations 

  • 1 NIHR Global Health Research Group on Acquired Brain & Spine Injury, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
  • 2 Health Systems Design Group, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
  • 3 Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, Philippine General Hospital & University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
  • 4 Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
  • 5 Division of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Bamenda, Bambili, Cameroon
  • 6 Division of Neurosurgery and Neurosciences Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
  • 7 Department of neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
  • 8 Department of Neurosurgery, North Western General and Research Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
  • 9 Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  • 10 Orion MedTech Ltd. CIC, Cambridge, UK
  • 11 Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge & Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
  • 12 Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 13 Global Neurosurgery Initiative-Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
  • 14 University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, Florida, USA
  • 15 Neurosciences Institute, El Bosque University, Bogotá, Colombia
  • 16 Department of Neurosurgery, King George Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andra Pradesh, India
  • 17 Department of Neurosurgery, Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
  • 18 Department of Neurosurgery, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
  • 19 Department of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
  • 20 Department of Neurosciences, University Hospital Leuven, UZ, Leuven, Belgium
  • 21 School of Neurosurgery, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
  • 22 Department of Neurosurgery, Ospedale Niguarda, Milan, Italy
  • 23 Departments of Neurosurgery and Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta & Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
  • 24 Barrow Global, Barrow Neurosurgical Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
  • 25 Department of Neurosurgery, Humanitas Research Hospital-IRCCS & Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
  • 26 Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
NIHR Open Res, 2023;3:34.
PMID: 37881453 DOI: 10.3310/nihropenres.13377.1

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is unclear - it is estimated to affect 27-69 million individuals yearly with the bulk of the TBI burden in low-to-middle income countries (LMICs). Research has highlighted significant between-hospital variability in TBI outcomes following emergency surgery, but the overall incidence and epidemiology of TBI remains unclear. To address this need, we established the Global Epidemiology and Outcomes following Traumatic Brain Injury (GEO-TBI) registry, enabling recording of all TBI cases requiring admission irrespective of surgical treatment.

OBJECTIVE: The GEO-TBI: Incidence study aims to describe TBI epidemiology and outcomes according to development indices, and to highlight best practices to facilitate further comparative research.

DESIGN: Multi-centre, international, registry-based, prospective cohort study.

SUBJECTS: Any unit managing TBI and participating in the GEO-TBI registry will be eligible to join the study. Each unit will select a 90-day study period. All TBI patients meeting the registry inclusion criteria (neurosurgical/ICU admission or neurosurgical operation) during the selected study period will be included in the GEO-TBI: Incidence.

METHODS: All units will form a study team, that will gain local approval, identify eligible patients and input data. Data will be collected via the secure registry platform and validated after collection. Identifiers may be collected if required for local utility in accordance with the GEO-TBI protocol.

DATA: Data related to initial presentation, interventions and short-term outcomes will be collected in line with the GEO-TBI core dataset, developed following consensus from an iterative survey and feedback process. Patient demographics, injury details, timing and nature of interventions and post-injury care will be collected alongside associated complications. The primary outcome measures for the study will be the Glasgow Outcome at Discharge Scale (GODS) and 14-day mortality. Secondary outcome measures will be mortality and extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) at the most recent follow-up timepoint.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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