Effects of combined aerobic exercise and diet on cardiometabolic health in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Al-Mhanna SB 1 , Rocha-Rodriguesc S 2 , Mohamed M 3 , Batrakoulis A 4 , Aldhahi MI 5 , Afolabi HA 6 Show all authors , Yagin FH 7 , Alhussain MH 8 , Gülü M 9 , Abubakar BD 10 , Ghazali WSW 11 , Alghannam AF 12 , Badicu G 13

Affiliations 

  • 1 Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, New Delhi, India
  • 2 Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
  • 3 Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, 16150, Malaysia
  • 4 Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
  • 5 Department of Rehabilitation, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • 6 Department of General Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
  • 7 Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
  • 8 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • 9 Department of Sports Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
  • 10 Department of Human Physiology, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria
  • 11 Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, 16150, Malaysia. syaheeda@usm.my
  • 12 Lifestyle and Health Research Center, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • 13 Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil, 2023 Dec 04;15(1):165.
PMID: 38049873 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-023-00766-5

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Lifestyle modifications involving diet and exercise are recommended for patients diagnosed with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this review was to systematically evaluate the effects of combined aerobic exercise and diet (AEDT) on various cardiometabolic health-related indicators among individuals with obesity and T2DM.

METHODOLOGY: A comprehensive search of the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases was conducted for this meta-analysis. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to evaluate eligible studies, and the GRADE tool was used to rate the certainty of evidence. A random-effects model for continuous variables was used, and the results were presented as mean differences or standardised mean differences with 95% confidence intervals.

RESULTS: A total of 16,129 studies were retrieved; 20 studies were included, and data were extracted from 1,192 participants. The findings revealed significant improvements in body mass index, body weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, fasting plasma insulin, glycated hemoglobin, leptin, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and adiponectin (p 

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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