Extraction and surface modification of cellulose fibers and its reinforcement in starch-based film for packaging composites

Hafid HS 1 , Omar FN 2 , Bahrin EK 3 , Wakisaka M 4

Affiliations 

  • 1 Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. halimatun@upm.edu.my
  • 2 Preparatory Center for Science and Technology (PPST), Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. farahnadiaomar@ums.edu.my
  • 3 Institute of Plantation Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 4 Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-Ku, Kitakyushu, 808-0196, Japan
Bioresour Bioprocess, 2023 Jan 25;10(1):7.
PMID: 38647891 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-023-00631-w

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cellulose extraction from gloss art paper (GAP) waste is a recycling strategy for the abundance of gloss art paper waste. Here, a study was conducted on the impact of ultrasonic homogenization for cellulose extraction from GAP waste to improve the particle size, crystallinity, and thermal stability.

RESULTS: At treatment temperature of 75.8 °C, ultrasonic power level of 70.3% and 1.4 h duration, cellulose with properties of 516.4 nm particle size, 71.5% crystallinity, and thermal stability of 355.2 °C were extracted. Surface modification of cellulose GAP waste with H3PO4 hydrolysis and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO) oxidation was done followed by starch reinforcement. Surface hydrophobicity and mechanical strength were increased for H3PO4 hydrolysis and TEMPO oxidation starch-cellulose. No reduction of thermal properties observed during the treatment, while increment of crystallinity index up to 47.65-59.6% was shown. Neat starch film was more transparent, followed by starch-TEMPO film and starch-H3PO4 film, due to better homogeneity.

CONCLUSIONS: The cellulose GAP reinforced starch film shows potential in developing packaging materials and simultaneously provide an alternative solution of GAP waste recycling.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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