Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Pharmacology, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
  • 2 Department of Medicine, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, India
  • 3 Department of Biochemistry, Quest International University Perak, 227 The Teng Seng Plaza, Level 2, Jalan Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ipoh, Perak Malaysia
  • 4 Libyan Cardiac Society, Department of Cardiology, Benghazi Medical Center, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya
  • 5 Department of Physiology, Quest International University Perak, Ipoh, Malaysia
  • 6 Department of Pathology, Quest International University Perak, Ipoh, Malaysia
  • 7 Department of Pathology, Management and Science University, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 8 Department of Clinical Medicine, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ipoh, Malaysia
  • 9 Department of Biochemistry, St. Mathews Medical University, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands
  • 10 Department of Pharmacology, Dr Ambethkar Medical College, Bengaluru, India
  • 11 Department of Medicine, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, India
  • 12 Department of Endocrinology, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, India
  • 13 Department of Human Genetics, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India
  • 14 Great Eastern Medical School, Srikakualm, India
Clin Hypertens, 2015;22:7.
PMID: 27019747 DOI: 10.1186/s40885-016-0042-0

Abstract

Hypertension continues to be an important public health concern because of its associated morbidity, mortality and economic impact on the society. It is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal complications. It has been estimated that by 2025, 1.56 billion individuals will have hypertension. The increasing prevalence of hypertension and the continually increasing expense of its treatment influence the prescribing patterns among physicians and compliance to the treatment by the patients. A number of national and international guidelines for the management of hypertension have been published. Since many years ago, diuretics were considered as the first-line drugs for treatment of hypertension therapy; however, the recent guidelines by the Joint National Commission (JNC8 guidelines) recommend both calcium channel blockers as well as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as first-line drugs, in addition to diuretics. Antihypertensive drug combinations are generally used for effective long-term management and to treat comorbid conditions. This review focuses on the antihypertensive medication utilization, their cost factors, adherence to treatment by patients, and physicians' adherence to guidelines in prescribing medications in different settings including Indian scenario. The antihypertensive medication prescribing pattern studies help in monitoring, evaluation and necessary modifications to the prescribing habits to achieve rational and cost-effective treatment. Additionally, periodic updating of recommended guidelines and innovative drug formulations, and prescription monitoring studies help in rational use of antihypertensive drugs, which can be tailored to suit the patients' requirements, including those in the developing countries.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.