The history of malaria and its control in Kuala Lumpur between 1890 and 1941 is summarised. The disease increased in the early years, largely owing to clearing of valleys without adequate draining, but nevertheless the incidence has been low in relation to the population of the town. Outbreaks are stated to have occurred in 1930 and 1937-38. Lists are given of the Anophelines found in Kuala Lumpur, showing their usual breeding places in that locality and their importance as vectors of malaria as recorded in the literature. The commonest vector is Anopheles maculatus, Theo., though the outbreak in 1930 was associated with A. hyrcanus var. nigerrimus, Giles, and A. h. sinensis Wied. [R.A.E., B 20 276; 21 192]. The methods used to control Anophelines are discussed.