In recent years, the idea of “justice” alongside
many other great ideas has undergone shifts in
meaning due to a philosophical programme that
was set in motion centuries earlier and has by now
consolidated its influence in the Muslim world. In
the second half of the 20th century, an influential
Muslim thinker, Fazlur Rahman (1911–1988), was
one of the major figures that contributed to the ongoing
debate on the understanding and realisation
of justice in the modern world from the Islamic
perspective. By applying the conceptual analysis,
this article shall examine how Fazlur Rahman
understood, employed, and deployed the idea of
“justice” in various contexts. This article shall also
examine its sources and practical implications, as
well as situate his position vis-à-vis that of other
scholars in the Islamic tradition.