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  1. Fulltext Incident sarcopenia in hospitalized older people: A systematic review
    Wan SN, Thiam CN, Ang QX, Engkasan J, Ong T
    PLoS One, 2023;18(8):e0289379.
    PMID: 37531398 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289379
    Hospitalization has been associated with the development of sarcopenia. This study aimed to examine the new incidences of hospital sarcopenia, associated risk factors and health outcomes, as defined by internationally recognized diagnostic criteria in hospitalized older people. Pre-defined search terms were run through five databases. Six studies that assessed sarcopenia on two separate time points during hospitalization on older inpatients were included. Prevalence of sarcopenia varied from 14.1% to 55% depending on diagnostic criteria and cut-off points used. New sarcopenia occurred between 12% to 38.7% patients following hospitalization. Risk factors were older age, longer duration of bed rest, lower baseline body mass index, cognitive impairment and activities of daily living disability. None of the studies reported health outcomes associated with newly developed sarcopenia in hospital.
  2. Fulltext Impact of Sarcoidosis on In-hospital Outcomes Among Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Nationwide Readmissions Database Analysis
    Tan MC, Ang QX, Yeo YH, San BJ, Ibrahim R, Ng SJ, et al.
    J Innov Card Rhythm Manag, 2024 Mar;15(3):5782-5785.
    PMID: 38584749 DOI: 10.19102/icrm.2024.15035
    Sarcoidosis is a disease that involves multiple organs, including the cardiovascular system. While cardiac sarcoidosis has been increasingly recognized, the impact of sarcoidosis on atrial fibrillation (AF) is not well established. This study aimed to analyze the impact of sarcoidosis on in-hospital outcomes among patients who were admitted for a primary diagnosis of AF. Using the all-payer, nationally representative Nationwide Readmissions Database, our study included patients aged ≥18 years who were admitted for AF between 2017-2020. We stratified the cohort into two groups depending on the presence of sarcoidosis diagnosis. The in-hospital outcomes were assessed between the two groups via propensity score analysis. A total of 1031 (0.27%) AF patients with sarcoidosis and 387,380 (99.73%) AF patients without sarcoidosis were identified in our analysis. Our propensity score analysis of 1031 (50%) patients with AF and sarcoidosis and 1031 (50%) patients with AF but without sarcoidosis revealed comparable outcomes in early mortality (1.55% vs. 1.55%, P = 1.000), prolonged hospital stay (9.51% vs. 9.70%, P = .874), non-home discharge (7.95% vs. 9.89%, P = .108), and 30-day readmission (13.29% vs. 13.69%, P = .797) between the two groups. The cumulative cost of hospitalization was also similar in both groups ($12,632.25 vs. $12,532.63, P = .839). The in-hospital adverse event rates were comparable in both groups. Sarcoidosis is not a risk factor for poorer in-hospital outcomes following AF admission. These findings provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of the current guideline for AF management in patients with concomitant sarcoidosis and AF.
  3. Risk factors for early mortality following transcatheter edge-to-edge repair of mitral regurgitation
    Yeo YH, Thong JY, Tan MC, Ang QX, San BJ, Tan BE, et al.
    Cardiovasc Revasc Med, 2024 Aug 15.
    PMID: 39168760 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2024.08.001
    BACKGROUND: While transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) with MitraClip is increasingly used, data on the risk stratification for assessing early mortality after this procedure are scarce.

    OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess early mortality and analyze the risk factors of early mortality among patients who underwent TEER.

    METHODS: Using the all-payer, nationally representative Nationwide Readmissions Database, our study included patients aged 18 years or older who had TEER between January 2017 and November 2020. We categorized the cohort into two groups depending on the occurrence of early mortality (death within 30 days after the procedure). Based on the ICD-10, we identified the trend of early mortality after TEER and further analyzed the risk factors associated with early mortality.

    RESULTS: A total of 15,931 patients who had TEER were included; 292 (1.8 %) with early mortality and 15,639 (98.2 %) without. There was a decreasing trend in early mortality from 2.8 % in the first quarter of 2017 to 1.2 % in the fourth quarter of 2020, but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.18). In multivariable analysis, the independent risk factors for early mortality were chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.57; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-2.22, p = 0.01), end-stage renal disease (aOR: 2.34; CI: 1.44-3.79, p 

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