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Fulltext Retrospective analysis of dental treatment under general anesthesia among children with early childhood caries in Malaysia

Ibrahim NA, Nor NAM, Azizi NZ, Hamzah TNNT, Dziaruddin N, Musa S

J Clin Pediatr Dent, 2023 Jul;47(4):46-53.
PMID: 37408346 DOI: 10.22514/jocpd.2023.034

Many children are affected by early childhood caries (ECC) with some requiring dental treatment under general anesthesia (GA). In pediatric dentistry, GA is one of the established methods of behavior management. GA data is useful for understanding the caries burden among young children. This study aimed to determine the trends, patient characteristics, and types of treatments conducted under GA among young children in a Malaysian dental hospital over a 7-year period. A retrospective study using pediatric patient records from 2013 to 2019 was conducted on children aged 2-6 years (24-71 months) having ECC. Relevant data were collected and analyzed. In total, 381 children with a mean age of 49.8 months were identified. Some of the ECC cases were associated with abscesses (32.5%) and multiple retained roots (36.7%). Over a 7-year period, there was an upward trend of preschool children receiving GA. Of the 4713 carious teeth treated, 55.1% were extracted, 29.9% were restored, 14.3% had preventive procedures, and 0.4% were pulp treated. Mean extractions were significantly higher among preschoolers compared to toddlers (p = 0.001), while preventive treatment was markedly higher among toddlers. In terms of the type of restorative materials, almost similar distribution was observed between the two age groups with 86.5% treated using composite restorations. Dental treatment under GA was more frequently used among preschoolers than in toddlers, with extractions and restoration with composite resin being the common treatment options. The findings can help decision-makers or relevant parties address the burden of ECC and enhance oral health promotion activities.
Fulltext Oral health knowledge, attitude and practice among parents of children with craniofacial syndromes

Rosnan NA, Mohamad Faithal NFA, Azizi NZ, Hariri F, Abdullah NA

J Clin Pediatr Dent, 2024 Jan;48(1):163-170.
PMID: 38239169 DOI: 10.22514/jocpd.2024.018

Parents play an important role in caring for their children's oral health, especially for those with craniofacial deformities. In this study, we analyzed the oral health knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) among parents of children of 1 to 16 years-of-age with craniofacial syndromes (CS) at Universiti Malaya Medical Center (UMMC), Malaysia. This was a case-controlled study conducted between March and December 2021 involving 30 parents of children with CS and 30 parents of normal children as controls. A modified validated KAP questionnaire was distributed to all parents. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 26.0 and descriptive analysis was performed, with data expressed as mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage (%). Most respondents from both groups were mothers (73.3%) between 31 to 40 years-of-age. Both groups of parents had similar levels of oral health knowledge; there was no significant difference between the two groups for 10 of the KAP questions (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant different between the two groups with regards to two 2 relating to the definition of plaque and its relationship to dental caries (p = 0.035 and p = 0.032, respectively). Some parents of CS children believed that primary teeth were not important (23.33%) and were not concerned if their children showed changes in tooth color (26.67%). Despite parental acknowledgement of ideal practice, both groups of children showed irregular dental attendance and reduced toothbrushing frequency. Parents of children with CS had a similar depth of oral health knowledge and a slightly reduced positive attitude when compared to parents in the control group. However, both groups of parents had poor knowledge relating to the transmission and causes of dental caries. Healthcare providers should increase their awareness strategies for parents to be more aware of the ways to improve their children's oral health.
Fulltext Knowledge and Perception of Bidirectional Relationship Between Periodontal Disease and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Questionnaire Study

Abidin ZZ, Halim RA, Noor E, Nor NSM, Nazari NSM, Zaini AA, et al.

J Int Soc Prev Community Dent, 2023;13(5):416-425.
PMID: 38124724 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_123_23

AIM: The bidirectional relationship between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and inflammatory periodontal disease (PD) is globally recognized. However, oral health components are often given lower priority, and studies related to knowledge and the bidirectional association are limited. This study assesses the knowledge and perceptions of PD and its associated risk factors among T1DM patients and/or their parents.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients under 18 with T1DM at Universiti Teknologi MARA and Universiti Malaya were invited to participate. Structured interviews were conducted to assess participants' knowledge and perceptions of T1DM, and statistical analysis was performed to examine their associations using Pearson's chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test.
RESULTS: A total of 113 T1DM patients, with a mean age of 11.4 ± 4, completed the interviews. Poor knowledge was observed among parents and T1DM patients (P-value = 0.007) and those who exercised regularly (P-value = 0.047). A significant association with good perception was found among individuals with uncontrolled HbA1c levels (P-value = 0.0018) and those experiencing bleeding symptoms (P-value = 0.021).
CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the importance of increasing awareness, a key factor in improving oral health knowledge. Interestingly, despite poor control of clinical parameters, the population displayed good perception, suggesting a potential lack of understanding regarding disease control.
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients' Self-perception of Periodontal Diseases

Zainal Abidin Z, Noor E, Mohd Nor NS, Mohamed Nazari NS, Anuar Zaini A, Azizi NZ, et al.

Eur J Dent, 2023 Dec 04.
PMID: 38049120 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1772777

OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to evaluate type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients' self-perceived periodontal health status and to identify the association between periodontal disease (PD) and DM.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 113 T1DM children between 3 and 18 years old from the Universiti Teknologi MARA and the University of Malaya. Periodontal health parameters, including plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, simplified basic periodontal examination, and clinical attachment loss, were recorded. Self-perceived periodontal health status was assessed with questionnaires.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the sensitivity of the questionnaire and the relationship between T1DM and periodontal parameters.
RESULTS: The median age was 11.4 years. Half of them (50.4%) were females. A total of 83.5% rated their oral condition as good, whereas 27.5% reported a history of gingival bleeding. Clinical examination revealed that 48.7% had healthy gingiva, whereas 47.8% had gingivitis. The question "Do you have bleeding when brushing, flossing, or eating food?" showed good accuracy in the evaluation of PD (p