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  1. Fulltext Investigating the Effectiveness of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) Protocols in Improving Postoperative Outcomes and Reducing Hospital Readmission Rates in Patients Undergoing abdominal Surgery
    Shah AA, Alnajib AMA, Baldaniya L, Hassan H, Kaur P, Sharma R, et al.
    J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 2024 Dec;16(Suppl 4):S3534-S3537.
    PMID: 39926912 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1044_24
    OBJECTIVES: The main objective of the study is to determine the effectiveness of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols in improving postoperative outcomes and reducing hospital readmission rates in patients undergoing abdominal surgery.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study involves a total of 650 patients who were divided into two groups: the intervention group, which received care according to ERAS protocols, and the control group, which received standard postoperative care. Patients aged >18 years and scheduled for elective abdominal surgery were included in the study.

    RESULTS: The mean age of patients in ERAS group were 56.4 ± 12.3 years, while in the standard care group 57.1 ± 11.8 years. Out of 650 patients, there were 339 male and 311 female. Patients were selected from different surgery departments. The ERAS group had lower 30-day readmission rates (6.2% vs. 15.4%), quicker mobilization (12.5 vs. 24.8 hours), and faster resumption of oral intake (8.6 vs. 18.2 hours). Pain levels were lower (VAS 3.1 vs. 5.8), and patient satisfaction was higher (89% vs. 74%) in the ERAS group, with all differences being statistically significant.

    CONCLUSION: It is concluded that ERAS protocols significantly improve postoperative outcomes, including reducing complications, shortening hospital stays, and lowering readmission rates for patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery.

  2. Computational investigation of graphyne monolayer as a promising carrier for anticancer drug delivery
    Al-Qaaneh AM, Abosaoda MK, Baldaniya L, Hamid JA, Sabarivani A, Panigrahi R, et al.
    Comput Biol Chem, 2025 Apr;115:108369.
    PMID: 39899941 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2025.108369
    The study employs density functional theory (DFT) to examine the drug-loading efficiency of graphyne (GYN) as a vehicle for the Tioguanine (TG) drug. The researchers analyzed the interaction energy, electrical properties of pure GYN, TG molecules, and TG@GYN complex to determine their effectiveness as a carrier. Configuration a, which utilized nitrogen and sulfur atoms in interactions, was deemed the most suitable among the three considered TG sites. Gas-phase interaction between TG drug and GYN resulted in an energy of adsorption about -1.64 eV. The study utilized non-covalent interaction (NCI) analysis to assess the interaction between GYN and TG drug, indicating weak forces of interaction in the TG@GYN complex. The HOMO-LUMO and charge-decomposition analysis described the transfer of charge from TG molecules to pure GYN during formation of TG@GYN. The results suggest that GYN could function as a promising candidate for carrying and delivering TG drug, leading to further research into similar 2D nanomaterials for drug transport applications.
  3. Anemia in Asian children: trends in the prevalence, etiology and analysis of geographic inequalities
    Sharif N, Neyazi A, Khatib MN, Baldaniya L, Ballal S, Kavita V, et al.
    World J Pediatr, 2025 Apr;21(4):396-405.
    PMID: 40257723 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-025-00897-4
    BACKGROUND: Pediatric anemia is a pervasive public health issue in Asia, significantly impairing children's growth, cognitive development, and future potential. This study evaluates trends, prevalence, and socio-economic disparities of pediatric anemia across Asia from 1990 to 2021, leveraging data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 study.

    METHODS: Using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and Pearson's correlation coefficient, geographic variations and temporal trends were analysed alongside associations between prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), and Socio-demographic index (SDI).

    RESULTS: The study reveals a modest overall decline in anemia prevalence by 11.9%, from 464.53 million cases in 1990 to 409.07 million in 2021. High-SDI regions such as East Asia achieved significant reductions (- 71.36%), with countries like Singapore, the Republic of Korea, Seychelles, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) showing substantial progress. In stark contrast, low-SDI countries, including Yemen (108.34%) and Afghanistan (130.28%), along with Cambodia, India, and Pakistan, experienced alarming increases. Dietary iron deficiency was the dominant cause, followed by hemoglobinopathies and neglected tropical diseases. Females, particularly adolescents, and children under five faced disproportionate burdens, with prevalence rates in low-SDI regions exceeding 47,000 per 100,000 compared to 

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