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  1. Development of an inhibitive assay using commercial Electrophorus electricus acetylcholinesterase for heavy metal detection
    Shukor MY, Tham LG, Halmi MI, Khalid I, Begum G, Syed MA
    J Environ Biol, 2013 Sep;34(5):967-70.
    PMID: 24558814
    Near-real-ime assay is anassay method that the whole process from sampling until results could be obtained in approximately Iess than one hour. The ElIman assay for acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) has near real-time potential due to its simplicity and fast assay time. The commercial acetylcholinesterase from Electrophorus electricus is well known for its uses in insecticides detection. A lesser known fact is AChE is also sensitive to heavy metals. A near real-time inhibitive assay for heavy metals using AChE from this source showed promising results. Several heavy metals such as copper, silver and mercury could be etected with IC50 values of1.212, 0.1185 and 0.097 mg I-1, respectively. The Limits of Detection (LOD) for copper, silver and mercury were 0.01, 0.015 and 0.01 mg I-1, respectively. TheLimits of quantitation (LOQ) or copper, silver and mercury were 0.196, 0.112 and 0.025 mg I-1, respectively. The LOQvalues for copper, silver and mercury were well below the maximum permissible limit for these metal ions as outlined by Malaysian Department of Environment. A polluted location demonstrated near real-time applicability of the assay with variation oftemporal levels of heavy metals detected. The results show that AChE from Electrophorus electricus has the potential to be used as a near real-time biomonitoring tool for heavy
  2. Fulltext Navigating post COVID-19 education: an investigative study on students' attitude and perception of their new normal learning environment
    Agarwal A, Subramaniam G, Khattak O, Begum G, Taha A, Bayomy NA, et al.
    PeerJ, 2023;11:e16184.
    PMID: 37927799 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16184
    BACKGROUND: The incidence and aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic brought about a drastic change in health professional education around the world. Traditional classrooms made way for online classrooms in order to ensure that learning continued in a safe and secure environment. However, how well health professional students perceived and accepted these changes have not been fully gauged yet. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the perception of health professional students about their new educational climate.

    METHODS: A modified and validated Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire was used to collect data regarding student perception of their educational environment.

    RESULTS: The mean DREEM scores for three time periods were in the accepted positive range of 101 to 150 indicating that most of the students perceived the changes positively. The results indicated that most students preferred blended learning over online learning or face-to-face learning alone. Areas where students were unsatisfied with their learning environment that need improvement were identified by poor item-wise scores.

    CONCLUSION: Strategic remedial measures for these concerns need to be developed to improve the quality of education received by the students. However, the results of our study indicated that most of the students were able to adapt positively to the new education environment due to the change in the circumstances during COVID.

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