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Fulltext Using Machine Learning to Predict Cognitive Impairment Among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese: A Longitudinal Study

Liu H, Zhang X, Liu H, Chong ST

Int J Public Health, 2023;68:1605322.

PMID: 36798738 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1605322

Objective: To explore the predictive value of machine learning in cognitive impairment, and identify important factors for cognitive impairment. Methods: A total of 2,326 middle-aged and elderly people completed questionnaire, and physical examination evaluation at baseline, Year 2, and Year 4 follow-ups. A random forest machine learning (ML) model was used to predict the cognitive impairment at Year 2 and Year 4 longitudinally. Based on Year 4 cross-sectional data, the same method was applied to establish a prediction model and verify its longitudinal prediction accuracy for cognitive impairment. Meanwhile, the ability of random forest and traditional logistic regression model to longitudinally predict 2-year and 4-year cognitive impairment was compared. Results: Random forest models showed high accuracy for all outcomes at Year 2, Year 4, and cross-sectional Year 4 [AUC = 0.81, 0.79, 0.80] compared with logistic regression [AUC = 0.61, 0.62, 0.70]. Baseline physical examination (e.g., BMI, Blood pressure), biomarkers (e.g., cholesterol), functioning (e.g., functional limitations), demography (e.g., age), and emotional status (e.g., depression) characteristics were identified as the top ten important predictors of cognitive impairment. Conclusion: ML algorithms could enhance the prediction of cognitive impairment among the middle-aged and older Chinese for 4 years and identify essential risk markers.

Fulltext Corrigendum: Using Machine Learning to Predict Cognitive Impairment Among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese: A Longitudinal Study

Liu H, Zhang X, Liu H, Chong ST

Int J Public Health, 2023;68:1606127.

PMID: 37273772 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1606127

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1605322.].

Antegrade Versus Retrograde Locked Intramedullary Nailing for Femoral Fractures: Which Is Better?

Yu CK, Singh VA, Mariapan S, Chong ST

Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg, 2007 Apr;33(2):135-40.

PMID: 26816143 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-007-6156-z

Locked intramedullary nailing or interlocking nailing (ILN) is a proven mode of treatment for femoral shaft fractures. It can be inserted via the antegrade or retrograde approach. Retrograde approach is technically less demanding especially if the patient is overweight. But there are concerns with regard to the violation of the knee and its effect on subsequent knee function.

Trajectory of suicidal ideation among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of childhood trauma

Nan J, Salina N, Chong ST, Jiang HJ

BMC Psychiatry, 2023 Feb 06;23(1):90.

PMID: 36747156 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04582-6

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to understand the longitudinal trajectory of suicidal ideation (SI) among Chinese medical students and the role of childhood trauma (CT).

METHODS: Using a whole-group sampling method, we assessed SI in 2192 (male = 834, female = 1358) medical students on three occasions over a period of one year. The Suicidal Ideation Self-Assessment Scale (SISAS) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) were used to assess SI and CT. The growth mixture modeling (GMM) was used to classify the developmental trajectory of SI.

RESULTS: A greater number of medical students were experiencing suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The trajectory of SI among medical students was divided into two groups: a low risk, slowly rising group and a high risk, continuous group. The low risk, slowly rising group had a significant time effect (B = 1.57, p

Fulltext Effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on cognitive function: A systematic review

Liu H, Liu N, Chong ST, Boon Yau EK, Ahmad Badayai AR

Heliyon, 2023 Mar;9(3):e14057.

PMID: 36938399 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14057

Cognitive function is essential for daily activities. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) may improve cognitive function by enhancing psychological flexibility, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of ACT on cognitive function. Seven research databases (PubMed, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, CNKI, Scopus, Wanfang) were searched to collect articles with trials published in English and Chinese. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, we identified 12 studies published between 1994 and 2022 that included a combined total of 904 participants. Among the included studies were within-group (N = 3) and randomized controlled trial (RCT, N = 9) study designs. Outcome measures included cognitive scales and behavioral measurements. Of the 12 articles, 10 studies showed improvements in certain domains of cognitive function due indirectly to ACT intervention. We found that the ability of ACT intervention to promote psychological flexibility is due to its transdiagnostic nature. Also, the effects of the ACT intervention were observed in multiple cognitive domains: attention, subjective cognitive function, executive function, and memory. In conclusion, cognitive trainers could consider practicing ACT as part of their strategy to enhance an individual's psychological flexibility and cognitive function.

Corrigendum to "Effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on cognitive function: A systematic review" [Heliyon 9(3) (March 2023) e14057]

Liu H, Liu N, Chong ST, Yau EKB, Ahmad Badayai AR

Heliyon, 2023 May;9(5):e16023.

PMID: 37305493 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16023

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14057.].

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