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Hookworms in dogs of Kuching, Sarawak (north Borneo)

Choo J, Pang E, Prociv P

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2000 4 5;94(1):21-2.
PMID: 10748891
Robotic-assisted mesh pelvic closure for prevention of small bowel descent after surgery for recurrent rectal cancer

Rusli SM, Kim JS, Choo JM, Cheong JY, Piozzi GN, Kim SH

Tech Coloproctol, 2021 Sep 18.
PMID: 34536172 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-021-02529-1
Determination of salivary cortisol reference interval in a selected Malaysian population

Choo JE, Samsudin IN, Mat Salleh MJ, Zahari Sham SY, Thambiah SC

Malays J Pathol, 2020 Dec;42(3):433-437.
PMID: 33361725

INTRODUCTION: Salivary cortisol is used as an indicator of stress level and a recommended screening test for Cushing syndrome. The normal reference interval for salivary cortisol is dependent on the analytical methodology and the population studied and hence, establishment of a local population-based reference interval is recommended.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 129 healthy blood donors and staffs of Penang General Hospital were recruited from June 2018-May 2019. Paired (morning and late-night) saliva samples were collected from individuals aged between 18 and 60 years old with no history of chronic medical illness. Salivary cortisol was assayed using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay technique. Non-parametric statistics were used for calculation of reference interval and 90% confidence intervals (90% CIs).
RESULTS: The reference interval for morning and latenight salivary cortisol was 2.09 - 22.63 nmol/L and <12.00 nmol/L, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The locally-derived adult reference intervals for morning and late-night salivary cortisol concentration was determined and varied with previous studies emphasising the need in establishing individual laboratory reference interval.
Increased transfer of trace metals and Vibrio sp. from biodegradable microplastics to catfish Clarias gariepinus

Jang FH, Wong C, Choo J, Aun Sia ES, Mujahid A, Müller M

Environ Pollut, 2022 Apr 01;298:118850.
PMID: 35041899 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118850

Microplastic ingestion has been documented in various aquatic species. This causes physical damage, and additionally contaminated microplastics transfer attached pollutants and microbial pathogens to ingesting organisms. Continued metal accumulation can lead to toxicity and adverse health effects; attached microbial pathogens can cause dysbiosis - which lowers host immunity and promotes infections. Catfish, Clarias gariepinus, are a major food source in Southeast Asia, a hotspot of plastic pollution. This study aimed to quantify the transfer of the trace metals copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) -at environmentally relevant concentrations-from microplastics (polyamide 12, PA12, and polylactic acid, PLA) to catfish. Fish were reared for three months and exposed to seven different combinations of feed, supplemented with plastics and metals. At monthly intervals, fish gills, intestines, liver, and edible muscles were analysed for Cu and Pb concentrations using ICP-OES, and the intestines content assessed for Vibrio sp.. Our results showed that biodegradable PLA transferred higher amounts of metals to catfish than expected and also led to increased Vibrio counts in the intestines compared to PA12. Trace metal accumulation was significantly different in varying tissues, with highest concentrations observed in the gills, followed by liver, intestines, and lastly edible muscles. The results of this study further support the existing evidence that microplastics act as efficient shuttles to concentrate and transfer metals. They also indicate that their uptake can cause dysbiosis (increased numbers of Vibrio sp.). Most importantly, however, our study highlights that biodegradable polymers, such as PLA, could actually pose a greater environmental threat when ingested compared to the more common polymers such as PA12.
Laparoscopic transverse colectomy with extended complete mesocolic excision for mid-transverse colon cancer

Piozzi GN, Rusli SM, Choo JM, Kim JS, Kim SH

Tech Coloproctol, 2022 Feb 07.
PMID: 35129734 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-021-02567-9
Sphincter-Preserving Robotic Surgery for Rectal Cancer Anteriorly Invading Rectourethralis Muscle: Intersphincteric Resection With En-Bloc Prostatectomy

Hui Shin S, Niccolo Piozzi G, Mayuha Rusli S, Min Choo J, Gu Kang S, Kim SH

Dis Colon Rectum, 2023 Mar 01;66(3):e118-e119.
PMID: 36630407 DOI: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002516
Efficacy of natural enzymes mouthwash: a randomised controlled trial

Chiam TL, Choo J, Ashar A, Hussaini HM, Rajandram RK, Nordin R

Clin Oral Investig, 2024 Apr 19;28(5):259.
PMID: 38639763 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05658-7

OBJECTIVES: Natural enzymes mouthwash has been proposed as salivary substitutes to treat xerostomia. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the mouthwash to treat xerostomia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A double-blind, parallel group randomised control clinical trial involving N = 49 adult participants with xerostomia was carried out. Intervention group received natural enzymes moisturising mouthwash (with active ingredients lactoferrin, lysozyme, lactoperoxidase and glucose oxidase); while control group received benzydamine mouthwash. Mouthwashes were repacked, labelled with specific code, and were given to participants by third-party. Subjects were instructed to rinse with the mouthwash 4 times per day at a specific period, for 2 weeks. Symptoms of xerostomia were assessed using Xerostomia Inventory at day 0 and 14; together with the assessment of Clinical Oral Dryness Score (CODS), and measurement of resting and stimulated salivary flow rate.
RESULTS: 48 participants completed the clinical follow-up, and n = 1 had lost of follow-up. From the 48 participants, n = 23 received natural enzymes mouthwash, while n = 25 received benzydamine mouthwash. Intervention group achieved reduction in symptoms of xerostomia from baseline. Intervention group also showed significantly better improvements in the cognitive perception of dry mouth and oromotor function such as chewing, swallowing and speech of the participants; and reduction in waking up at night to drink water (p
Changes in primary glomerulonephritis in Singapore over four decades 

Woo KT, Chan CM, Lim C, Choo J, Chin YM, Teng WL, et al.

Clin. Nephrol., 2019 Mar;91(3):155-161.
PMID: 30663975 DOI: 10.5414/CN109577

This review of 3,289 native kidney biopsies over the past four decades in Singapore documents the changing pattern of biopsy-proven glomerulonephritis (GN)from that of a third world country to that of a developed nation. In the 1st decade, mesangial proliferative GN was the most common form of primary GN, similar to the Asian region. In the 2nd decade, the percentage of mesangial proliferative GN decreased, but membranous GN became more common, as was seen in China and Thailand. In the 3rd decade, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and membranous nephropathy continued to rise, but it was only recently, in the 4th decade, that FSGS prevalence increased dramatically, although membranous nephropathy continues to increase in some Asian countries. In the last decade in Singapore, Malaysia, and Japan, prevalence of IgA nephritis has decreased but remains the most common GN. The percentage of FSGS continues to increase in many countries like in Italy, United States of America, United Kingdom, China, and Malaysia. We surmise that socioeconomic factors play significant roles in the evolution of the renal biopsy pattern. .