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Ambulance response time and emergency medical dispatcher program: a study in Kelantan, Malaysia

Shah CH, Ismail IM, Mohsin SS

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2008 Nov;39(6):1150-4.
PMID: 19062707

This study provided data by a simple method of acquiring information related to ambulance response time (ART) and determined whether it met the international standards of ART. Additionally, this paper also compared the duration of ART at this hospital before and after the implementation of an Emergency Medical Dispatcher (EMD) program. The ART, which started when details like phone number of the caller, exact location of the incident and the nature of the main complaint were received and ended when the emergency team arrived at the scene of the incident. The parameters recorded include call processing time, time taken to prepare the team and time taken to travel to the scene. The results of the study revealed that the ART for the university hospital (HUSM) was at 913.2 +/- 276.5 seconds (mean +/- SD) and it was far below the international standard of ART as a benchmark of a good ambulance service. However, the study suggested that the EMD program that was recently implemented at the HUSM gave a significantly improvement to the ART score.
Prevalence of overweight and self-reported chronic diseases among residents in Pulau Kundur, Kelantan, Malaysia

Nazri SM, Imran MK, Ismail IM, Faris AA

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2008 Jan;39(1):162-7.
PMID: 18567457

This cross-sectional study was designed to determine the socio-demographic characteristics and prevalence of overweight/obesity and self-reported diabetes mellitus, hypertension and heart disease among the population in Pulau Kundur, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. This study was conducted in September 2005. We randomly selected 120 of 240 households in Pulau Kundur, Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Fifteen interviewers were trained to use a structured questionnaire to interview 348 adult respondents age 18 years and older in the selected houses. The mean age was 40.7 years; 52.7% were females and 99.4% were Malay. Sixty-two point seven percent were married and 50.9% of them had Ujian Penilaian Sekolah Rendah (UPSR) or less education. The mean head of family income was RM 532.4. The mean body mass index was 25.3. The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity, known hypertension, diabetes mellitus and heart disease were 49.1, 12.6, 7.8 and 2.0% respectively. Adults in this village had a high prevalence of overweight and obesity and self-reported chronic diseases. Health education and lifestyle modification are needed for those adults.
Fulltext Understanding the Functional Components of Technology-Enhanced Learning Environment in Medical Education: A Scoping Review

Naeem NI, Yusoff MSB, Hadie SNH, Ismail IM, Iqbal H

Med Sci Educ, 2023 Apr;33(2):595-609.
PMID: 37251205 DOI: 10.1007/s40670-023-01747-6

Increasing use of technology in medical education has caused concerns to medical teachers pertaining to the quality of digital learning environments. Thus, this review aimed to unearth the functional components of effective technology-enhanced learning environment in the undergraduate medical education context. The revised Arksey and O'Malley protocol was utilized that include identification of research question and relevant studies, selection of studies, data charting and collection, and collating, summarizing, and reporting results after consultation. We discovered nine components with 25 subcomponents of 74 functional elements found to be present in effective online learning environments. The nine components include cognitive enhancement, content curation, digital capability, technological usability, pedagogical practices, learner characteristics, learning facilitator, social representations, and institutional support. There is an interplay between these components, influencing each other in online learning platforms. A technology-enhanced learning in medical education (TELEMEd) model is proposed which can be used as a framework for evaluating online learning environment in medical education.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40670-023-01747-6.
Fulltext Development and validation of Digi-MEE Instrument measuring online learning environments in medical education

Naeem NI, Hadie SNH, Ismail IM, Yusoff MSB

Pak J Med Sci, 2023;39(6):1573-1583.
PMID: 37936768 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.39.6.8430

OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate Digital Medical Education Environment (Digi-MEE) Instrument for measuring online learning environment in medical education.
METHODS: This series of studies involved 696 participants from May 2022 to December 2022. Following scoping review, invited modified e-Delphi experts developed consensus on the components and related items for measuring online learning environments. A panel of content experts and a group of medical students carried out content and response-process validation to determine Content Validity Index (CVI) and Face Validity Index (FVI) respectively. This was followed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and reliability analysis to determine Digi-MEE's factorial structure and internal consistency using SPSS version 26.0 and AMOS 26.0.
RESULTS: Delphi experts agreed upon nine components with 73 items of initial Digi-MEE version. CVI of Digi-MEE 2.0 was more than 0.90. with FVI of Digi-MEE 3.0 of 0.87. Exploratory factor analysis yielded 46 items with 57.18% variance. Confirmatory factor analysis led to the final Digi-MEE version containing 28 items within nine components with acceptable levels of goodness of fit indices. Overall Cronbach alpha of the final Digi-MEE was more than 0.90, and for the nine components ranged between 0.62 and 0.76.
CONCLUSION: Digi-MEE is a promising valid and reliable instrument to evaluate online education environment in medical education. Content, response-process, factorial structure, and internal consistency evidence support the validity of Digi-MEE. Medical schools can use Digi-MEE as an evaluation tool for the continuous quality improvement of online learning environments.