METHODS: The questionnaire was subjected to forward-backward translation, followed by expert panel evaluation (n = 8). Face validity was carried out among 25 Malay-speaking community-dwelling adults to assess the clarity and comprehensibility of the Malay SARC-F questionnaire using the Face Validity Index (FVI). Reliability was assessed using internal consistency (Cronbach's α) and test-retest reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, ICC).
RESULTS: A translated Malay SARC-F was agreed after the forward translation. The backward translation of the Malay SARC-F showed minimal discrepancy from the original version. Expert panels agreed to revise certain phrases and terms to better suit the Malaysian context to optimise clarity and comprehension. Face validity was also excellent (I-FVI = 1.00; S-FVI = 1.00). Internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach's α = 0.78), and test-retest reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.83, 0.92).
CONCLUSION: The Malay SARC-F demonstrates preliminary evidence of reliability as a culturally appropriate screening instrument for sarcopenia among Malaysian adults. Although this study establishes its preliminary psychometric soundness, larger studies are warranted to confirm construct and criterion validity.