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Fulltext Caries risk factors among Indonesian adults: insights from the national health survey

Rachmawati YL, Putri AH, Priyanto R, Nabilah KC, Gani ADS, Mohd-Dom TN

Braz Oral Res, 2025;39:e025.
PMID: 40008739 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2025.vol39.025

Although caries is a preventable disease, it is still a health burden in all countries in all age categories. This study aimed to identify the determinants associated with caries risk factors in Indonesian adults. This secondary analysis used 2018 National Health Survey data, which included 37,057 respondents aged ≥ 15 years. The sampling design was based on census blocks selected using linear systematic sampling with probability proportional to size (PPS). The survey included an interview to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, oral health practice, and health behavior. An oral examination was conducted to measure the DMFT (decayed, missing, filled- teeth) index. Multivariable models were generated to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and confidence intervals (95% CI) using caries as the dependent variable. The highest average DMFT index was seen in those respondents aged over 45 years, those from rural areas, individuals with low formal education, those who consumed sweets and sugary beverages at least once a day, those who did not brush their teeth regularly, and those who smoked. The multivariable analysis showed the potential risk of caries: risk of 19.51 times for older adults, 74% for male, 94% for those living in rural areas, 1.62 times for those with lower formal education, 78% for those with no dental visits, 1.18 times for those who eat sweets often, 1.37 times for those who drink sugary beverages often, 1.48 times for those who do not brush their teeth regularly, and 1.3 times for those who smoke. The multifaceted nature of caries in the Indonesian adult population highlights the influence of various factors, ranging from lifestyle habits and oral hygiene practices to access to dental services, age, and educational level.
Fulltext Electrophoretic protein profiles in seminal plasma and sperm: a comparative study of Bali and Wagyu Bulls

Maulana T, Hendrawan PA, Sutikno S, Anwar P, Ulum MF, Priyanto R, et al.

Open Vet J, 2025 May;15(5):2021-2029.
PMID: 40557106 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i5.18

BACKGROUND: Seminal plasma and sperm play vital roles in fertility because they contain various proteins that influence sperm quality and function.
AIM: This study aimed to compare the protein profiles of seminal plasma and sperm in Bali and Wagyu cattle and evaluate their correlation with fresh semen quality.
METHODS: The study was conducted at the Singosari National Artificial Insemination Center using 3 Bali and 3 Wagyu superior bulls aged 5-12 years. Sperm motility parameters were analyzed using computer-assisted sperm analysis (IVOS-Hamilton). Sperm were extracted using the PRO-PREPTM Protein Extraction Solution. Sperm and seminal plasma protein concentrations were measured using the BCA protein assay, and 1D SDS-PAGE was used to analyze protein profiles. The gels were stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue to visualize protein bands.
RESULTS: Comparative analysis of semen characteristics, motility parameters, and kinematic parameters between Wagyu and Bali bulls revealed no significant differences. The seminal plasma protein concentrations in Bali bulls and Wagyu did not show a statistically significant difference. The sperm protein concentration in Bali bulls was significantly higher compared to Wagyu. Seminal plasma analysis of Bali bulls showed a diverse protein profile and Wagyu semen plasma had fewer bands, reflecting breed-specific differences. In contrast, sperm analysis of Bali bulls and Wagyu consistently showed heavy protein bands on sperm function and viability.
CONCLUSION: Bali bulls showed greater variation in spermatozoa protein than Wagyu, with protein differences at molecular weights of 60-63 kDa, 35 kDa, and 18-20 kDa. In addition, a positive correlation was found between the number of motile spermatozoa and the number of straws per ejaculate.

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