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The effectiveness of group reminiscence therapy for loneliness, anxiety and depression in older adults in long-term care: a systematic review

Syed Elias SM, Neville C, Scott T

Geriatr Nurs, 2015 Sep-Oct;36(5):372-80.
PMID: 26099638 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2015.05.004

Loneliness, anxiety and depression are common problems for older adults in long-term care. Reminiscence therapy is a non-pharmacological intervention that may be of some benefit. In comparison to individual reminiscence therapy, group reminiscence therapy is a preferred option when dealing with the resource constraints of long-term care. The aim of this paper was to systematically review the literature in order to explore the effectiveness of group reminiscence therapy for older adults with loneliness, anxiety and depression in long-term care. Results indicated that group reminiscence therapy is an effective treatment for depression in older adults, however to date, there is limited research support for its effectiveness to treat loneliness and anxiety. Further research and an improvement in methodological quality, such as using qualitative and mixed methods approaches, is recommended to help establish an evidence base and provide better understanding of the effectiveness of group reminiscence therapy.
The relationship between painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy and functional status of older people in Kuantan, Pahang

Makhtar A, Syed Elias SM, Azizi A

Enferm Clin, 2021 04;31 Suppl 2:S130-S134.
PMID: 33849146 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2020.12.007

This study aimed to determine the relationship between painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy and functional status among older people in Kuantan, Pahang. A cross-sectional study was performed by using an interviewer-administered questionnaire among 300 participants recruited from selective Primary Health Centres and endocrine clinics, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan in Kuantan, Pahang. The data were analyzed by using SPSS version 22. The findings indicated that most participants reported neuropathic pain experience. The severity of pain was found to be significantly related to patients who had been diagnosed over 10 years ago, Indians patients and those who were treating their diabetes with insulin alone. No significant relationship was found between pain severity and functional status. The severity of pain and the associated factors suggest the need for a multidisciplinary approach to provide effective treatment to patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Fulltext Knowledge, attitudes, and sociodemographic factors related to COVID-19 among older people living in the community in Malaysia

Syed Elias SM, Rohinmi NR

J Educ Health Promot, 2022;11:298.
PMID: 36439003 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1637_21

BACKGROUND: Although older people are at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection, there is a lack of research that focuses on COVID-19 in older people in Malaysia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge and attitudes related to COVID-19, and to identify the association of sociodemographic background with knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19 among older people.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study involving 382 older people living in the community in Malaysia. Data was collected using convenience sampling through an online questionnaire that consisted of three parts: sociodemographic details, knowledge, and attitude related to COVID-19.
RESULTS: The overall correct rate of knowledge was 77.3%, indicating that participants had slightly good knowledge related to COVID-19. The participants showed a positive attitude with a mean score of 26.0 (SD = 5.0). There were significant associations between knowledge and education level (P = 0.00) and marital status (P = 0.02). Marital status was significantly associated with attitude towards COVID-19 (P = 0.03). A weak positive correlation was found between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.17, P = 0.00) suggesting that an increase in knowledge will increase the positive attitude among older people.
CONCLUSION: Older people reported good knowledge and positive attitudes towards COVID-19. The Malaysian government should provide relevant health education for those with lower education levels and divorced or widowed to improve knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19.
Factors associated with suicidal ideation among older people in medical outpatient clinic

Syed Elias SM, Makhtar A, Ahmad Tarmidi NH

Enferm Clin, 2021 04;31 Suppl 2:S356-S360.
PMID: 33849199 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2020.09.026

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation and the associated factors with suicidal ideation among older people. This was a cross-sectional study. The present study was carried out from March 2018 to May 2018. In total, 200 older people aged 60 years and over were recruited from a medical outpatient clinic in Malaysia. The older people completed a self-administered questionnaire on sociodemographic background, depression, and suicidal ideation. The data analysis involved descriptive and inferential analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics version 23.0. The prevalence rate of suicidal ideation was 3%. There were significant associations between ethnicity (p<0.00), marital status (p=0.008), depression (p<0.00) and suicidal ideation. Risk factors for suicidal ideation in older people are ethnicity, marital status, and depression. Future studies should focus on these factors in any intervention aimed to reduce suicidal ideation among older people in Malaysia.
Spiritual reminiscence therapy for older people with loneliness, anxiety and depression living in a residential aged care facility, Malaysia: A qualitative approach

Syed Elias SM, Petriwskyj A, Scott T, Neville C

Australas J Ageing, 2019 Mar;38(1):E25-E30.
PMID: 30426630 DOI: 10.1111/ajag.12598

OBJECTIVE: To explore how older people with loneliness, anxiety and depression experience a spiritual reminiscence therapy (SRT) program and to explore its acceptability within the Malaysian population.
METHODS: Unstructured observations and a focus-group discussion were carried out with 18 participants involved in a six-week SRT program in a residential care facility in Kuala Lumpur.
RESULTS: Analysis revealed four themes: (i) Enthusiastic participation; (ii) Connections across boundaries; (iii) Expressing and reflecting; and (iv) Successful use of triggers.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the process of reminiscence, on which the program was based, was enjoyable for the participants and created opportunities to form connections with other members of the group. The use of relevant triggers in the SRT program that related to Malaysian cultures, ethnicities and religions was helpful to engage the participants and was acceptable across the different religions and ethnicities.
Fulltext Social support and associated factors among family caregivers of older people in North-East Peninsular Malaysia

Makhtar A, Ab Ghani NN, Syed Elias SM, Mohamed Ludin S

Belitung Nurs J, 2023;9(1):69-78.
PMID: 37469632 DOI: 10.33546/bnj.2334

BACKGROUND: The negative health results associated with the family caregivers of older people can be alleviated with social support, which is considered a valuable resource. Hence, the factors contributing to social support need to be understood.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the social support associated with the family caregivers of older people.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 231 family caregivers of older people conveniently selected from two districts in Kelantan, a state in the North-East Region of Peninsular Malaysia. Data were gathered between June to December 2021 using a Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data in frequencies and percentages. Independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to examine correlations among variables.
RESULTS: The mean scores of social support for family caregivers were significantly higher among their family (Mean ± SD; 5.44 ± 0.969) and other important people (5.25 ± 1.123) compared to their friends (4.84 ± 1.094). Caregivers' gender and duration of caregiving were significant factors associated with social support (p <0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The family caregivers received maximum support from their family and other important people, but they were less supported by their friends. This study also observed that the perceived social support of the caregivers of older people was affected by several factors, such as gender and duration of caregiving. This finding gives nurses and other healthcare workers the basic information they need to enhance nursing interventions and promote social support among those who care for older people, which can positively impact caregiving.