Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 464 in total

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  1. al-Khfaji, I.N., Fakhrildin, M.B., Al-Ani, I.M., Mangalo, H.H., Al-Obaidi, S.R.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of lead on concentration and motility of spermatozoa recovered from epididymis and testes in mature male offspring whose mothers were exposed to different doses and concentrations of lead acetate during gestation period. Materials and Methods: Seventy two healthy mature female mice were divided into three major groups according to the number of injections involving 1, 2 and 3 injections. Each major group was subdivided into four minor groups according to the concentration dose of (0, 25, 50 and 100) mg/Kg of lead acetate. Sperm concentration, percentage of motility and grade of activity were microscopically examined and statistically analyzed. Results: A significant reduction in the sperm functions were seen in relation to an increased in the number of injections and/or concentration of lead acetate dose as compared with the control groups. Conclusion: The toxic effects of lead acetate may interfere with spermatogenesis and metabolism of spermatozoa.
  2. Zuria Idura A.M., Noorlaili M.T., Rosdinom R., Azlin B.., Tuti Iryani M.D.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Caring for those with dementia affects the quality of life for both the caregivers and the patients themselves, particularly in the informal care system here in Malaysia. To date, only a few studies have explored from the family caregivers’ perspectives in the communities of different cultural background. The purpose of this study is to describe the Malaysian family caregivers’ perspectives of their experiences in providing care to for their family members suffering from moderate to severe dementia in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Methods: This qualitative study involved in-depth individual interviews with twelve caregivers to patients with moderate to severe dementia. Participants were recruited via purposive sampling from the outpatient psycho-geriatric clinic at UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcribed data was later analysed using a thematic approach. Results: Four themes identified in this study were; i) the feeling that ‘it is like caring for a baby’, ii) the caregivers’ perception of inadequate knowledge and skills, iii) the need for caregivers’ support system and iv) the importance of spirituality in enhancing care giving experiences. Conclusions: The framework of care shared by the caregivers in this study demonstrated strong cultural and spirituality influences in addition to the common issues of the challenges in managing the behavioural and psychological symptoms in people with dementia. Hence, culture and spirituality aspects should be addressed in the development of appropriate intervention to manage the needs of informal caregivers in this community.
  3. Zurainie Ablla, Karimah Hanim Abdul Aziz, Nurjasmine Aida Jamani
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: During pregnancy, increased acidity in the mouth increases the risk of antenatal mother to get dental caries. It is worsen if antenatal mother has morning sickness like vomiting during pregnancy. It can aggravate the problem by exposing the teeth to more gastric acid. In addition, antenatal mothers have hormonal changes that they are more susceptible to periodontal problems. Therefore, it is important for antenatal mother to get dental treatment and use oral health service. This study aim is to describe barriers to utilisation of oral health care services among antenatal mothers attending the Klinik Kesihatan Ibu dan Anak around Kuantan. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study which was conducted among purposely selected 296 antenatal mothers aged 18-45 years from Kuantan, Pahang in 18 months duration. Study used validated self-administered questionnaire to obtain information on the variables of interest. Results: Common barriers to utilization of services among antenatal mothers are fear to dental pain (45.6%), time constraints- busy at workplace (36.5%) and feeling of not having any dental problems (36.1%). Meanwhile the least barrier to oral health care services among antenatal mothers is attitude of the dentist (0.7%), followed by attitude of the staff (1.4%) and condition of treatment room (1.7%) Conclusion(s): Fear of dental pain is the main barrier to utilization of service among antenatal mothers and dissatisfaction of the service provided is the least barrier among other factors.
    KEYWORDS: barriers, antenatal, pregnant mothers, dental caries, periodontal
  4. Zunariah, B., Zamzuri, Z., Che Nor Zarida, C.S., Rosnani, A.J.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit model is commonly used for the research of
    posterolateral intertransverse lumbar arthrodesis. The standard approach reported by many
    researchers are a muscle splitting approach through the intermuscular plane between multifidus and longissimus muscles. Methods: In this research the fusion bed was exposed by retracting the three groups of paraspinal muscles (multifidus, longissimus and iliocostalis) medially. Results: This alternative method showed good exposure of the transverse processes and intertransverse membrane with less bleeding from the muscles observed. No death due to surgical complication was observed out of twenty-four rabbits operated. Conclusion: An easy and safe method for performing posterolateral intertransverse lumbar arthrodesis was demonstrated and recommended as an alternative approach for surgery on New Zealand White rabbits.
  5. Zul Azlin Razali, Faiz Tahir, M.
    MyJurnal
    Following the announcement of Traditional and Complementary Medicine Act 2013, Muslim faith healers are slowly gaining grounds to make their practice mainstream. One of the major characteristics of Muslim faith healers is the strong inclination to attribute mental illnesses to Jinn possession (demonic possession). Unlike other traditional healers, Muslim faith healers’ primary mode of treatment is Ruqyah, an incantation or generally considered as ‘Du’a or prayers. This article is a sharing by a psychiatrist who has been actively engaging with faith healers in order to understand the world of faith healing including the attitude and knowledge of both the healers and clients while attempting to educate them on modern psychiatry based on bio-psycho-socio-spiritual paradigm. The methodology: 1) Involvement in symposium, seminar and focused group discussion, either as participant or as speaker. 2) Collaborating with local spiritual leader to conduct workshop on mental illness in mosques. 3) Writing articles in scientific and popular publications with and without faith healers as the collaborators. 4) Appearing in radio advocating and discussing about the dilemma of mental illness issue from the religious perspectives, and 5) Participate in workshop conducted by Muslim faith healers. As a result, several issues come to the author’s attention. The divisions of Muslim faith healers are rather complicated, for example Malay traditional healers or bomoh should not be categorized in the same group as Muslim faith healers. The oft-quoted ‘Islamic Medicine’ is problematic in view that it is laced with elements of local cultural value and practice which are not necessarily authentically Islamic. Since Malays make up the biggest community in Malaysia, one has to differentiate between Islam and Muslim. Majority of Muslims misunderstood the term Ruqyah as a form of healing exclusively done by the Muslim faith healers. In conclusion, psychiatrists should engage more proactively with faith and spiritual healers in order to curb stigmatization and delay in seeking psychiatric care and treatment.
  6. Zenab B. Hamad Mohamed, Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfaris, Nor Zamila Abdullah, Norra Harun, Naznin Muhammad, Roslina Abdul Rahim
    MyJurnal
    Previous studies have proven the existence of a complex association
    between progressive kidney damage and hypercholesterolemia. Most studies focused on
    the impact of chronic high blood cholesterol levels on the kidney. Information on the
    early effect of hypercholesterolemia on the kidney is still lacking. The aim of this study
    was therefore to determine early effect of high cholesterol diet on the kidney in an
    animal model. (Copied from article).
  7. Zenab B. Hamad Mohamed, Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi, Nor Zamzila Abdullah, Naznin Muhammad, Roslan Abdul Rahim
    MyJurnal
    Although there is a growing insight into the causes and mechanisms of
    kidney diseases, preventive and therapeutic measures are still few. The aim of this study
    was therefore to determine the renoprotective effect of tualang honey against high
    cholesterol diet induced acute kidney disease in an animal model. (Copied from article).
  8. Zamzuri, Z., Nazri, M.Y., Amindudin, C.A., Azril, A., Shukrimi, A., Hafiz, A., et al.
    MyJurnal
    We report a case of a 14-year-old Malay male who fell at school and sustained bilateral olecranon fractures. He had undergone an open reduction and tension band wiring to stabilize the fracture. Three months after the surgery, the movement of both his elbows was satisfactory.
  9. Zamzuri, Z., Adham, S.Y., Shukrimi, A., Azril, M.A., Amran, R.
    MyJurnal
    Clinically, it is sometimes diffi cult to distinguish an infection of the spine from a metastasis. Spinal tuberculosis is common according to its endemic region and adenocarcinoma of the lung is also rising in the incidence worldwide. Similar presentations, with unknown primary, clinical fi ndings and hematological investigations rarely conclude a true diagnosis. Radiologically, the hallmark of spinal infection is erosion of adjacent vertebral endplates and narrowing of the disc space with or without a paravertebral shadow. Metastasis typically does not involve the disc space with erosion of the adjacent vertebral endplates. It usually presents as a lytic/sclerotic lesion in the vertebral body or “winkle owl” sign. These distinguishing features of infection versus metastasis are not certainties. Biopsy is mandatory whenever in doubt or patient is not responded with provisional treatment. The author presents a case with so-called radiological features of spinal tuberculosis infection, which turns out to be a metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lung.
  10. Zamzuri, Z., Mohd Adham, S.Y., Saufi, M.A., Azian, A.A., Fadhli, M.
    MyJurnal
    Ewing's sarcoma is a rare tumor first discovered by James Ewing in 1921. It is more common in bone or skeletal component compared to soft tissue or extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma. Among soft tissue Ewing’s, spinal cord involvement is rarer with only nine cases reported. We report a case of nine-year-old Malay girl who presented with low back pain for two months following a fall with progressive neurological deficits of bilateral lower limb. Magnetic resonance imaging was suggestive of a well-defined margin of intradural extramedullary tumor. With nerve sheath tumor in mind, surgical excision with laminectomy L2-S1 was performed. Intraoperative finding was an extradural mass from L3-L5 with extension to bilateral neuroforamen. Histopathology report defined a round cell tumour of Ewing’s sarcoma from the mass.
  11. Zamzuri, Z., Mohd Adham, S.Y., Mohamad Saufi, A., Azian, A.A., Mohamed Azril, M.A., Azlina, A.R.
    MyJurnal
    Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant neoplasm arising from the mucosal epithelium of the
    nasopharynx, mainly within the lateral nasopharyngeal recess or Fossa of Rosenmuller. Distant metastasis to the cervical spine is the least common site in the vertebral system. This is a case of a 37-year-old lady with stage IV C nasopharyngeal carcinoma with local extension to the cervical spine who presented with right upper limb weakness.
  12. Zamzuri Z., Ariff M.S., Mohd Fairuz Ad., Mohd Shukrimi A., Nazri My.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Burst fracture results from compression failure of both the anterior and middle columns under
    substantial axial loads. Conservative treatment was a method of treatment for fractures without
    neurological deficit. This cross sectional study was designed to evaluate the functional and radiological
    outcome of patient with thoracolumbar burst fracture treated conservatively. Methods: 40 cases were
    recruited from January 2013 till December 2015. They were followed-up with minimum period of 1 year and
    evaluated for the functional (Oswetry Disbility Index) and radiological outcomes (kyphotic angle deformity
    and anterior body compression). Results: 20 patients were treated with body cast made form plaster of
    Paris and remaining 20 patients with fiberglass cast. In plaster of Paris group, mean kyphotic angle
    deformity at last follow up was 16.60 ± 2.95 with a mean improvement 4.45 degree and anterior body
    compression at last follow up was 30.35% ± 10.2 with mean improvement of 9.30%. In fiberglass group, mean
    kyphotic angle deformity at last follow up was 15.55 ± 3.38 with a mean improvement 7.25 degree and
    anterior body compression at last follow up was 25.90% ± 7.81 with mean improvement of 3.45%. The
    functional outcome showed Oswetry Disability Index (ODI) score in plaster of Paris group was 23.70 (SD =
    7.82) and in fiberglass group was 18.50 (SD = 5.94). Conclusions: Application of body cast using a fiberglass
    material give better radiological outcome hence less pain, more functional and higher patient’s satisfaction
    as compared to plaster of Paris.
  13. Zamzuri Z, Goh KL, Aminuddin CA, Mohamed Azril MA, Shukrimi A
    MyJurnal
    A 15-year–old Malay male with congenital insensitivity to pain presented with recurrent septic arthritis of the left knee complicated by osteomylitis. Repeated arthrotomy and wound debridement was done, however, the condition was not resolved. Amputation was suggested as the best method of treatment to eradicate the infection.
  14. Zamzil Amin Ashaari, Shamim Ahmed Khan
    MyJurnal
    The current advents of endoscopic techniques have enabled rhinologists to treat inverted papilloma of the nose with a more favourable surgical morbidity. However the supposed changing trend in surgical management of sinonasal inverted papilloma from external approach to endoscopic technique has to come with caution as certain guidelines must be made to ensure its effectiveness. Since the introduction of purely transnasal endoscopic medial maxillectomy in 1981, many authors have published their experiences in this field. This article reviews some of the literatures regarding the management aspect of inverted papilloma particularly focusing on the endoscopic medial maxillectomy and relate with our own experience in management of this tumour endoscopically.
  15. Zalina, N., Aruku, N., Azura, N., Shahida, N., Akhmarina, N., Dian, F.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Frequency of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in young age women is not well studied. It is said to be common among female elderly and multiparous population. The aim of this study is to obtain the prevalence of LUTS among nulliparous students in relation to their personal hygiene. Materials and methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study conducted among 200 nulliparous medical and nursing students aged between 18-28 years using standardized questionnaires. Urine samples were also collected from students to detect urinary tract infections. Results: The complete data sets of 146 students were analyzed. All of them were nulliparous, single and not sexually active. The prevalence of LUTS was 52.7% consist of over-active bladder, urinary incontinence (UI) and voiding difficulty respectively (51.3%, 34.9% and 45.2%). The most common type of UI was stress urinary incontinence which was 21.9% followed by 11.6% of urgency incontinence. Conclusion: The prevalence of LUTS among young age population is high at 52.7%. Public awareness regarding LUTS and availability of treatment is needed.
  16. Zalina, N., Kamal, N., Aruku, N., Jamaluddin, A.R.
    MyJurnal
    Studies reported that trans-obturator mid-urethral sling (TOT) is superior in safety and efficacy when compared with retro-pubic trans-vaginal tape (TVT) with regard to bladder, vascular and urethral injury. The purpose of this study is to determine if the TOT is equivalent to the TVT by using patient-reported outcomes for the treatment of urodynamic stress urinary incontinence (USI) at Ipoh Hospital. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study on all consecutive patients who underwent TVT procedure between Jan 2005 and Jan 2006 and TOT procedure from Jan 2006 to Jun 2008. Post operatively; all women were followed up at one month, three months, 12 months and annually, thereafter. Data was retrieved from the patients’ records based on the standard pre-operative assessment sheet and follow up record. Then, interviews were made via a telecommunication to assess the patients’ symptoms and satisfaction using a validated questionnaire. Data analysis were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows version 19 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois) considering a significant level of P < 0.05. Results: Total of 51 subjects in TVT group and 52 in TOT group were available for analysis. At 12 months, the stress urinary incontinence (SUI) cure rate is higher in the TVT (90.2%) compared to TOT (80.8%) group; however, it was not statistically significant (p=0.279). The lower urinary tract symptoms (LUT) were improved post-operatively in both groups with urgency and urgency incontinence being significantly better in the TVT group. Four (7.4%) subjects in the TVT group had a bladder perforation (p=0.992) and one case of vaginal erosion reported in the TOT group. Conclusion: TVT had a higher successful rate in the treatment of
    SUI; however, it increases the risk of bladder perforation. Over active bladder symptom (OAB) were significantly mproved in the TVT compared to TOT group.
  17. Zalina, N., Ruqaiyah, B. R., Hamizah, I., Roszaman, R., Mokhtar, A., Rozihan, I., et al.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) is a highly prevalent disease which varies by geography
    and culture. It influences the quality of life and has social implication. The objectives of this study are to
    estimate the prevalence of LUTS among women attending our gynaecology clinic, the associated risk factors
    and their quality of life. Method: This is a cross sectional study on women attending gynaecology clinic in a
    tertiary centre. Participants were given 3 sets of validated self-answered questionnaire, UDI-6, IIQ-7 and
    OAB V8. Results: the prevalence of luts is 50.6% which is common among Malay women. Forty nine percent
    is due to stress urinary incontinence (SUI). The risk of LUTS is significantly associated with obesity (AOR =
    12.14 95% CI = 1.21 to 121.99, p – value = 0.034), higher parity (AOR = 1.68 95% CI = 1.26 to 2.24, p – value =
  18. Zairul-Nizam, Z.F.
    MyJurnal
    Femoral fractures are one of the commonest fractures encountered in orthopaedic practice. Over the years, treatment of this injury has evolved tremendously. The initial non-operative methods of reduction and stabilization have largely been replaced by operative fixation. There are currently three basic modes of internal fixation of femoral diaphyseal fractures in the adult age group: plate and screws, intramedullary Kuntscher nailing, and interlocking nailing. The objective of this study is to determine whether the so-called more ‘technologically advanced’ interlocking nailing results in better outcome compared to the more ‘traditional’ plate and screws, and Kuntscher nailing. It is found that, in terms of time to union and final function after an average of just under 2 years post-operative period, the group of patients who had interlocking nailing fared poorer. A review of relevant literature will then be presented.
  19. Zainur Rashid, Z., Sulaiha, S.A., Azmi, M.N.
    MyJurnal
    Acute appendicitis is the most common extra-uterine surgical emergency encountered during pregnancy, but an accurate diagnosis is still an enigma. Anatomical shifting of the appendix by the enlarging uterus makes the clinical and sonographic diagnosis difficult. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent perforation, which increases the risk of fetal and maternal death. Surgical intervention, either by an open laparotomy or laparoscopy is the most appropriate treatment for appendicitis. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, investigation, complications and treatment of acute appendicitis in pregnancy.
  20. Zainur Rashid, Z., Sharifah Sulaiha, S.A., Darnina, A.J.
    MyJurnal
    Varicella or chickenpox is an infectious disease caused by Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV), which commonly affects the children. It is a mild, self-limiting disease and rarely complicate to serious conditions except in adults. Decreasing incidence of chickenpox among children, probably owing to improved living conditions ,prevention and health care, is worrisome as growing number of adults are being infected. This creates disturbing concerns in many parties as women at childbearing age might get infected and not only are them at a great risk of serious complications, but also their unborn fetus or their newborn babies.
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