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  1. Fulltext Clinical features of Malaysian children hospitalized with community-acquired seasonal influenza
    Sam IC, Abdul-Murad A, Karunakaran R, Rampal S, Chan YF, Nathan AM, et al.
    Int J Infect Dis, 2010 Sep;14 Suppl 3:e36-40.
    PMID: 20153233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2009.10.005
    OBJECTIVES: The clinical impact of seasonal influenza is understudied in tropical countries. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features and seasonal pattern of influenza in children hospitalized in Malaysia, and to identify predictors of severe disease.
    METHODS: Children hospitalized with community-acquired, laboratory-confirmed influenza at a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia during 2002-2007 were identified retrospectively. Clinical data were collected, and predictors of severe disease were identified by multivariate logistic regression. All influenza cases from 1982 to 2007 were also analyzed for seasonal patterns.
    RESULTS: A total of 132 children were included in the study, 48 (36.4%) of whom had underlying medical conditions. The mean age was 2.5 years and 116 (87.9%) were <5 years old. The most common presenting features were fever or history of fever, cough, rhinitis, vomiting, and pharyngitis. Severe influenza was seen in 16 patients (12.1%; nine previously healthy), including 12 (9.1%; eight previously healthy) requiring intensive care. There were three (2.3%) deaths. Severe disease was associated with age <12 months, female sex, and absence of rhinitis on admission. Influenza was seen year-round, with peaks in November-January and May-July.
    CONCLUSIONS: Seasonal influenza has a considerable impact on children hospitalized in Malaysia, in both the healthy and those with underlying medical conditions.

    Study site: University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC)
    Matched MeSH terms: Community-Acquired Infections/virology
  2. Young Malaysian children with lower respiratory tract infections show low incidence of chlamydial infection
    Ngeow YF, Weil AF, Khairullah NS, Yusof MY, Luam L, Gaydos C, et al.
    J Paediatr Child Health, 1997 Oct;33(5):422-5.
    PMID: 9401887
    OBJECTIVE: The incidence of Chlamydia pneumoniae and Chlamydia trachomatis infection was studied among infants and young children admitted to hospital for the management of lower respiratory tract infections, over a 12 month period.

    METHODOLOGY: Respiratory secretions were examined for chlamydiae by cell culture, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction-enzyme immunoassay. Sera were tested by micro-immunofluorescence for chlamydial IgG, IgM and IgA. Other bacterial and viral pathogens were also looked for by standard cultural and serological methods.

    RESULTS: Of 87 patients aged 2 months-3 years, an aetiologic diagnosis was made in 41 (47.1%). C. pneumoniae and C. trachomatis were each detected in 1 (1.2%) of the patients. Among common bacterial pathogens, Haemophilus influenzae (13.8%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (8.1%) were the most frequently identified. Respiratory viruses and elevated Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibodies were found in 10.3% and 9.1% of patients, respectively.

    CONCLUSION: Chlamydiae are infrequent causes of community-acquired acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants and very young children in Malaysia.

    Matched MeSH terms: Community-Acquired Infections/virology
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