Displaying publications 21 - 23 of 23 in total

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  1. One global disseminated 193 kb high-risk hybrid plasmid harboring tet(X4), mcr or blaNDM threatening public health
    Li M, Zhang H, Zhang W, Cao Y, Sun B, Jiang Q, et al.
    Sci Total Environ, 2023 Mar 14;876:162807.
    PMID: 36921865 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162807
    In Shanghai, the prevalence of tet(X4) and tet(X4)-carrying plasmid from food-producing -animal Enterobacteriales has not been intensively investigated. Here, five tet(X4)-positive swine-origin E. coli strains were characterized among 652 food-producing-animal E. coli isolates in Shanghai during 2018-2021 using long-term surveillance among poultry, swine and cattle, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and tet(X4)-specific PCR. A combination of short- and long-read sequencing technologies demonstrated that the five strains with 4 STs carried a nearly identical 193 kb tet(X4)-bearing plasmid (p193k-tetX4) belonging to the same IncFIA(HI1)/IncHI1A/IncHIB plasmid family (p193k). Surprisingly, 34 of the 151 global tet(X4)-positive plasmids was the p193k members and exclusively pandemic in China. Other p193k members harboring many critically important ARGs (mcr or blaNDM) with particular genetic environment are widespread throughout human-animal-environmental sources, with 33.77 % human origin. Significantly, phylogenetic analysis of 203 p193k-tetX4 sequences revealed that human- and animal-origin plasmids clustered within the same phylogenetic subgroups. The largest lineage (173/203) comprised 161 E. coli, 6 Klebsiella, 3 Enterobacter, 2 Citrobacter, and 1 Leclercia spp. from animals (n = 143), humans (n = 18), and the environment (n = 9). Intriguingly, the earliest 2015 E. coli strain YA_GR3 from Malaysian river water and 2016 S. enterica Chinese clinical strain GX1006 in another lineage demonstrated that p193k-tetX4 have been widely spread from S. enterica or E. coli to other Enterobacterales. Furthermore, 180 E. coli p193k-tetX4 strains were widespread cross-sectorial transmission among food animals, pets, migratory birds, human and ecosystems. Our findings proved the extensive transmission of the high-risk p193k harboring crucial ARGs across multiple interfaces and species. Therefore, one-health-based systemic surveillance of these similar high-risk plasmids across numerous sources and bacterial species is extremely essential.
  2. Zero hospital admissions for infection after 577 transperineal prostate biopsies using single-dose cephazolin prophylaxis
    Pepdjonovic L, Tan GH, Huang S, Mann S, Frydenberg M, Moon D, et al.
    World J Urol, 2017 Aug;35(8):1199-1203.
    PMID: 27987032 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-016-1985-1
    PURPOSE: To determine the rate of hospital admissions for infection after transperineal biopsy of prostate (TPB) with single-dose cephazolin prophylaxis using a prospective database.

    METHOD: Between April 2013 and February 2016, 577 patients undergoing TPB had 2 g of cephazolin given intravenously at induction of anaesthesia. Data collected from these patients included age, PSA, prostate volume, number of cores taken and post-operative complications.

    RESULTS: No patients were readmitted to hospital with infection post-TPB. Seven patients developed acute urinary retention, and one patient developed clinical prostatitis that was treated with oral antibiotics in the community.

    CONCLUSION: It is safe to use single-dose cephazolin only as antibiotic prophylaxis prior to TPB, negating the need for quinolones. This study supports Australia's current Therapeutic Guidelines recommendation for TPB prophylaxis and the existing evidence that sepsis post-TPB is a rare complication. Whether any antibiotic prophylaxis is needed at all for TPB is the subject of a future study.

  3. Fulltext A Matrilineal Genetic Perspective of Hanging Coffin Custom in Southern China and Northern Thailand
    Zhang X, Li C, Zhou Y, Huang J, Yu T, Liu X, et al.
    iScience, 2020 Apr 24;23(4):101032.
    PMID: 32304863 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101032
    Hanging Coffin is a unique and ancient burial custom that has been practiced in southern China, Southeast Asia, and near Oceania regions for more than 3,000 years. Here, we conducted mitochondrial whole-genome analyses of 41 human remains sampled from 13 Hanging Coffin sites in southern China and northern Thailand, which were dated between ∼2,500 and 660 years before present. We found that there were genetic connections between the Hanging Coffin people living in different geographic regions. Notably, the matrilineal genetic diversity of the Hanging Coffin people from southern China is much higher than those from northern Thailand, consistent with the hypothesized single origin of the Hanging Coffin custom in southern China about 3,600 years ago, followed by its dispersal in southern China through demic diffusion, whereas the major dispersal pattern in Southeast Asia is cultural assimilation in the past 2,000 years.
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