Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 179 in total

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  1. The experimental transmission of Wuchereria malayi from man to various animals in Malaya
    EDESON JF, WHARTON RH
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1958 Jan;52(1):25-38; discussion 39-45.
    PMID: 13507120
  2. Haemolysis due to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Malaya
    Lie-Injo Luan Eng, Pillay RP, Virik HK
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1966;60(2):262-6.
    PMID: 5922616 DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(66)90039-3
  3. A shellfish-borne cholera outbreak in Malaysia
    Dutt AK, Alwi S, Velauthan T
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1971;65(6):815-8.
    PMID: 5157442
  4. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among asymptomatic healthy blood donors in Northern Peninsular Malaysia
    Sasidharan S, Uyub AM
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2009 Apr;103(4):395-8.
    PMID: 19211121 DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.11.021
    Helicobacter pylori infection is recognized as being strongly associated with chronic gastritis, duodenal ulceration and, probably, gastric carcinoma. Seroepidemiological studies have shown that a large proportion of healthy people have antibodies against H. pylori. A serological study was conducted in asymptomatic healthy blood donors in Northern Peninsular Malaysia to assess the seropositivity for H. pylori and to investigate the relationship with ethnic group, gender, ABO blood group and age. A total of 5370 serum samples collected from 3677 male and 1693 female donors in different age groups, and who had no gastrointestinal complaints, were studied with an in-house ELISA for the presence of H. pylori IgG and IgA antibodies. Seven hundred and sixty subjects (14.2%) were seropositive. The overall seropositivity did not differ with ethnicity, gender, ABO blood group and age among asymptomatic healthy blood donors in Northern Peninsular Malaysia.
  5. Zika virus, a cause of fever in Central Java, Indonesia
    Olson JG, Ksiazek TG, Suhandiman, Triwibowo
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1981;75(3):389-93.
    PMID: 6275577
    In 1977 and 1978 selected in-patients at the Tegalyoso Hospital, Klaten, Indonesia who had recent onsets of acute fever were serologically studied for evidence for alphavirus and flavivirus infections. A brief clinical history was taken and a check list of signs and symptoms was completed on admission. Acute and convalescent phase sera from 30 patients who showed evidence that a flavivirus had caused their illnesses were tested for neutralizing antibodies to several flaviviruses which occur in South-east Asia. Paired sera from seven patients demonstrated a fourfold rise in antibody titre from acute to convalescent phase. The most common clinical manifestations observed in this series of patients included high fever, malaise, stomach ache, dizziness and anorexia. None of the seven patients had headache or rash despite the fact that headache and rash had been associated with two of the three previously studied. The onsets of illness clustered toward the end of the rainy season when populations of Aedes aegypti, a probable vector in Malaysia, were most abundant.
  6. Mutations in rpoB and fusA cause resistance to rifampicin and fusidic acid in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains from a tertiary hospital in Malaysia
    Lim KT, Teh CS, Yusof MY, Thong KL
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2014 Feb;108(2):112-8.
    PMID: 24336696 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trt111
    The prevalence of resistance to rifampicin and fusidic acid among Malaysian strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is increasing. This study aimed to determine the mechanisms of rifampicin and fusidic acid resistance and the genetic diversity of MRSA strains from a Malaysian tertiary hospital.
  7. The first report in Hymenolepis diminuta infection in Sabah, Malaysia
    Kan SK, Kok RT, Marto S, Thomas I, Teo WW
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1981;75(4):609.
    PMID: 7324140
  8. Immunoreactivity and neutralization capacity of Philippine cobra antivenom against Naja philippinensis and Naja samarensis venoms
    Tan CH, Palasuberniam P, Blanco FB, Tan KY
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2021 01 07;115(1):78-84.
    PMID: 32945886 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traa087
    BACKGROUND: The Philippine cobra (Naja philippinensis) and Samar cobra (Naja samarensis) are two WHO Category 1 medically important venomous snakes in the Philippines. Philippine cobra antivenom (PCAV) is the only antivenom available in the country, but its neutralization capacity against the venoms of N. philippinensis and hetero-specific N. samarensis has not been reported. This knowledge gap greatly hinders the optimization of antivenom use in the region.

    METHODS: This study examined the immunological binding and neutralization capacity of PCAV against the two cobra venoms using WHO-recommended protocols.

    RESULTS: In mice, both venoms were highly neurotoxic and lethal with a median lethal dose of 0.18 and 0.20 µg/g, respectively. PCAV exhibited strong and comparable immunoreactivity toward the venoms, indicating conserved venom antigenicity between the two allopatric species. In in vivo assay, PCAV was only moderately effective in neutralizing the toxicity of both venoms. Its potency was even lower against the hetero-specific N. samarensis venom by approximately two-fold compared with its potency against N. philippinensis venom.

    CONCLUSION: The results indicated that PCAV could be used to treat N. samarensis envenomation but at a higher dose, which might increase the risk of hypersensitivity and worsen the shortage of antivenom supply in the field. Antivenom manufacturing should be improved by developing a low-dose, high-efficacy product against cobra envenomation.

  9. Decomplexation proteomic analysis and purity assessment of a biologic for snakebite envenoming: Philippine Cobra Antivenom
    Palasuberniam P, Tan KY, Chan YW, Blanco FB, Tan CH
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2023 Jun 02;117(6):428-434.
    PMID: 36611268 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trac125
    BACKGROUND: Philippine Cobra Antivenom (PCAV) is the only snake antivenom manufactured in the Philippines. It is used clinically to treat envenoming caused by the Philippine Spitting Cobra (Naja philippinensis). While PCAV is effective pharmacologically, it is crucial to ensure the safety profile of this biologic that is derived from animal plasma.

    METHODS: This study examined the composition purity of PCAV through a decomplexation proteomic approach, applying size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and tandem mass spectrometry liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

    RESULTS: SDS-PAGE and SEC showed that the major protein in PCAV (constituting ∼80% of total proteins) is approximately 110 kDa, consistent with the F(ab')2 molecule. This protein is reducible into two subunits suggestive of the light and heavy chains of immunoglobulin G. LC-MS/MS further identified the proteins as equine immunoglobulins, representing the key therapeutic ingredient of this biologic product. However, protein impurities, including fibrinogens, alpha-2-macroglobulins, albumin, transferrin, fibronectin and plasminogen, were detected at ∼20% of the total antivenom proteins, unveiling a concern for hypersensitivity reactions.

    CONCLUSIONS: Together, the findings show that PCAV contains a favorable content of F(ab')2 for neutralization, while the antibody purification process awaits improvement to minimize the presence of protein impurities.

  10. Studies on filariasis in Malaya; the clinical features of filariasis due to Wuchereria malayi
    TURNER LH
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1959 Mar;53(2):154-69.
    PMID: 13647621
  11. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Malayans
    Lie-Injo LE, TI TS
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1964 Nov;58:500-2.
    PMID: 14217007 DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(64)90105-1
  12. Notes on kwashiorkor in Malaya
    THOMSON FA
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1954 Mar;48(2):150-2.
    PMID: 13157161
  13. Nutritional ill health among Malay children in the Ipoh District of Perak, Malaya. A case described of severe malnutrition with enlarged liver
    THOMSON FA
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1950 Dec;44(3):339-46.
    PMID: 14809758
  14. Eye signs of vitamin A deficiency in the Ipoh district of Perak, Malaya
    THOMSON FA
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1953 Mar;47(2):159.
    PMID: 13077713
  15. Studies of the nutritional anaemias of Malaya: the significance of the giant stab cells; as seen in the bone marrow of patients suffering from severe nutritional anaemia
    TASKER PW
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1956 Sep;50(5):460-4.
    PMID: 13380990
  16. Studies of the nutritional anaemias of Malaya: the prevalence of iron deficiency
    TASKER PW
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1955 Sep;49(5):478-82.
    PMID: 13267915
  17. Margosa oil poisoning in India and Malaysia
    Sinniah D, Baskaran G, Vijayalakshmi B, Sundaravelli N
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1981;75(6):903-4.
    PMID: 7330956
  18. An age-adjusted seroprevalence study of Toxoplasma antibody in a Malaysian ophthalmology unit
    Singh S, Khang TF, Andiappan H, Nissapatorn V, Subrayan V
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2012 May;106(5):322-6.
    PMID: 22480791 DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2012.01.009
    Toxoplasma gondii is a public health risk in developing countries, especially those located in the tropics. Widespread infection may inflict a substantial burden on state resources, as patients can develop severe neurological defects and ocular diseases that result in lifelong loss of economic independence. We tested sera for IgG antibody from 493 eye patients in Malaysia. Overall age-adjusted seroprevalence was estimated to be 25% (95% CI: [21%, 29%]). We found approximately equal age-adjusted seroprevalence in Chinese (31%; 95% CI: [25%, 38%]) and Malays (29%; 95% CI: [21%, 36%]), followed by Indians (19%; 95% CI: [13%, 25%]). A logistic regression of the odds for T. gondii seroprevalence against age, gender, ethnicity and the occurrence of six types of ocular diseases showed that only age and ethnicity were significant predictors. The odds for T. gondii seroprevalence were 2.7 (95% CI for OR: [1.9, 4.0]) times higher for a patient twice as old as the other, with ethnicity held constant. In Malays, we estimated the odds for T. gondii seroprevalence to be 2.9 (95% CI for OR: [1.8, 4.5]) times higher compared to non-Malays, with age held constant. Previous studies of T. gondii seroprevalence in Malaysia did not explicitly adjust for age, rendering comparisons difficult. Our study highlights the need to adopt a more rigorous epidemiological approach in monitoring T. gondii seroprevalence in Malaysia.
  19. Cryptococcosis in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur and review of published cases
    Pathmanathan R, Soo-Hoo Tuck Soon
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1982;76(1):21-4.
    PMID: 7080152
    Between January 1974 and June 1980, 85 cases of cryptococcosis were diagnosed in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The diagnosis was based on positive culture of the organism in 81 cases; the remaining four were diagnosed on histopathological findings. Cerebral cryptococcosis was the most common presentation and Chinese are particularly susceptible (72% of cases). The incidence of the disease is shown to be far greater than previously suspected. Association with compromised host status is uncommon (14%). The local literature is briefly reviewed and the findings discussed.
  20. Studies on arbovirus epidemiology associated with established and developing rice culture. Introduction
    Smith CE
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1970;64(4):481-2.
    PMID: 4320902
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