Displaying publications 41 - 43 of 43 in total

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  1. Molecular genetic analysis of anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma
    Nasuha NA, Daud AH, Ghazali MM, Yusoff AA, Zainuddin N, Abdullah JM, et al.
    Asian J Surg, 2003 Apr;26(2):120-5.
    PMID: 12732498
    A case of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma in a 10-year-old Malay boy is reported. The patient presented with headache and epilepsy. On computed tomography, a ring-enhancing low-density lesion was observed in the left fronto-temporal area. During surgery, a cystic tumour containing serous fluid was found and almost totally removed. Histologically, the tumour exhibited marked pleomorphism of oval and spindle-shaped cells intermixed with uni- and multinucleated giant cells, and xanthomatous cells with foamy cytoplasm. The tumour displayed pericellular reticulin and periodic acid-Schiff positive granules. Focally, six mitotic characters per 10 high-power fields were seen, and necrosis was confined only to the inner lining of the cyst. Mutational analysis showed that a frameshift mutation (a 4-bp deletion) in the p53 gene had occurred in codons 273 and 274 of exon 8. No mutation was detected in the p16 gene. No allelic loss and/or loss of heterozygosity were observed on chromosome 10 using microsatellite marker D105532. The patient was treated with postoperative radiotherapy because of histological anaplasia and the presence of residual tumour. The patient showed marked neurological recovery after a follow-up period of 2 years.
  2. Fulltext Different reference ranges affect the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in an urban adult Malaysian population
    Yeap SS, Thambiah SC, Samsudin IN, Appannah G, Zainuddin N, Mohamad-Ismuddin S, et al.
    Osteoporos Sarcopenia, 2020 Dec;6(4):168-172.
    PMID: 33426304 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2020.11.005
    OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of osteopenia (OPe) and osteoporosis (OP) in an urban adult population in Malaysia, and to compare the change in the prevalence when using a Caucasian compared to an Asian reference range.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional random sample of the population aged between 45 and 90 years from the state of Selangor, Malaysia, was invited to attend a bone health check-up. Participants with diseases known to affect bone metabolism or who were on treatment for OP were excluded. Bone mineral density was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Based on the World Health Organization definitions, the prevalence of OPe and OP was calculated using the Asian and Caucasian T-scores.

    RESULTS: A total of 342 subjects (222 females, 120 males), with a mean age of 59.68 (standard deviation: 8.89) years, who fulfilled the study criteria were assessed. Based on the Asian reference range, there were 140 (40.9%) subjects with OPe and 48 (14.0%) with OP. On applying the Caucasian reference range, there were 152 (44.4%) subjects with OPe and 79 (23.1%) with OP, with significant increases in males, females, and Chinese ethnic groups. Overall, 75 (21.9%) of subjects had a change in their diagnostic status. T-scores were consistently lower when the Caucasian reference range was used.

    CONCLUSIONS: In a healthy urban Malaysian population, the prevalence of OP is 14.0% and OPe is 40.9%. Application of a Caucasian reference range significantly increased the number of subjects with OP and may potentially lead to over-treatment.

  3. Fulltext The Use of Essential Oil Embedded in Polylactic Acid/Chitosan-Based Film for Mango Post-Harvest Application against Pathogenic Fungi
    Gunny AAN, Leem SJ, Makhtar MMZ, Zainuddin N, Mohd Roslim MH, Raja Hashim RH, et al.
    Polymers (Basel), 2023 Jun 18;15(12).
    PMID: 37376369 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122722
    Mango has a high global demand. Fruit fungal disease causes post-harvest mango and fruit losses. Conventional chemical fungicides and plastic prevent fungal diseases but they are hazardous to humans and the environment. Direct application of essential oil for post-harvest fruit control is not a cost-effective approach. The current work offers an eco-friendly alternative to controlling the post-harvest disease of fruit using a film amalgamated with oil derived from Melaleuca alternifolia. Further, this research also aimed to assess the mechanical, antioxidant, and antifungal properties of the film infused with essential oil. ASTM D882 was performed to determine the tensile strength of the film. The antioxidant reaction of the film was assessed using the DPPH assay. In vitro and in vivo tests were used to evaluate the inhibitory development of the film against pathogenic fungi, by comparing the film with different levels of essential oil together with the treatment of the control and chemical fungicide. Disk diffusion was used to evaluate mycelial growth inhibition, where the film incorporated with 1.2 wt% essential oil yielded the best results. For in vivo testing of wounded mango, the disease incidence was successfully reduced. For in vivo testing of unwounded mango to which the film incorporated with essential oil was applied, although some quality parameters such as the color index were not significantly affected, weight loss was reduced, soluble solid content was increased, and firmness was increased, compared to the control. Thus, the film incorporated with essential oil (EO) from M. alternifolia can be an environmentally friendly alternative to the conventional approach and the direct application of essential oil to control post-harvest disease in mango.
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