Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 179 in total

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  1. Letter: First case of schistosomiasis in Malaysia
    Murugasu R, Dissanaike AS
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1973;67(6):880.
    PMID: 4788765
  2. Schistosoma japonicum-type infection in Malaysia--report of the first living case
    Murugasu R, Wang F, Dissanaike AS
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1978;72(4):389-91.
    PMID: 705845
    The first living patient with a Schistosoma japonicum-type infection who presented with the nephrotic syndrome is reported in detail. It is not clear whether the nephrotic syndrome was due to the schistosome infection or to the deposition of hepatitis B antigen and antibody complexes. This is the tenth case of schistosomiasis reported from aborigines in Malaysia and a sylvatic source of infection is suggested.
  3. A case of human Sarcocystis infection in west Malaysia
    Kutty MK, Dissanaike AS
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1975;69(5-6):503-4.
    PMID: 820020
    The first case of Sarcocystis infection is reported from West Malaysia. A cyst was seen as an incidental finding in a biopsy specimen from the larynx of the patient. The cyst and the cystozoites were of the small size with no evidence of cytophaneres or compartments.
  4. CHLOROQUINE RESISTANT FALCIPARUM MALARIA IN MALAYA
    MONTGOMERY R, EYLES DE
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1963 Nov;57:409-16.
    PMID: 14081295
  5. Heavy Trichuris infection and amoebic dysentery in Orang Asli children. A comparison of the two diseases
    Gilman RH, Davis C, Fitzgerald F
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1976;70(4):313-6.
    PMID: 1006759
    Children with heavy Trichuris infestation were compared with paediatric amoebic dysentery patients and normal children. Heavy Trichuris infestation was diagnosed by visualization of worms on anoscopy. Patients with heavy Trichuris infection had a longer duration of disease, more frequent hospitalization and a higher rate of rectal prolapse than did patients with amoebiasis. Five Trichuris children also had clubbing. Trichuris patients had lower mean haematrocrits (27%) and serum albumin (3-3 gm%) than did patients with amoebiasis (32% and 3-7 gm% respectively). Coinfection with Shigella and Salmonella was significantly increased in patients with heavy Trichuris infection compared to both amoebic and control group children. Trichuris patients were infected with Entamoeba histolytica more frequently (46%) than normal children. Heavy Trichuris infection is the probable cause of symptoms and signs seen in these patients.
  6. In vivo and in vitro studies of chloroquine-resistant malaria in West Malaysia
    Andre RG, Cadigan FC, Fredericks HJ, Fong YL
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1972;66(4):644-52.
    PMID: 4561008
  7. Malaria parasites of domestic fowl in Sabah
    Skippon J, Garnham PC
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1973;67(1):3.
    PMID: 4204752 DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(73)90254-x
  8. Letter: An acute attack of quartan malaria in a leprosy patient being treated with diaminodiphenylsulphone
    Laing AB, Gooi HC, Gelber RH
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1974;68(2):165-6.
    PMID: 4617939
  9. Porocephaliasis in Western Malaysia
    Burns-Cox CJ, Prathap K, Clark E, Gillman R
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1969;63(3):409-11.
    PMID: 5815876
  10. Development of antibody to Rickettsia tsutsugamushi in soldiers in Malaysia
    Brown GW, Shirai A, Groves MG
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1983;77(2):225-7.
    PMID: 6408770
    Malaysian, British and New Zealand soldiers were tested for evidence of infection with Rickettsia tsutsugamushi after several weeks' exposure to the infection during field exercises in Malaysia. 39 (5.0%) of 787 British and New Zealand soldiers developed immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) to R. tsutsugamushi to a titre of 1:50 and two (0.3%) to a titre of 1:100. 11 (1.5%) of 751 Malaysian soldiers also developed low titres less than or equal to 1:100. These low antibody levels were not correlated with clinical disease, and their significance is unknown. Seven (0.9%) of the Malaysians showed an IFA rise to greater than or equal to 1:200, and three of these experienced febrile illnesses, one lasting two weeks. An additional eight Malaysian soldiers had an IFA titre of greater than or equal to 1:400 when first tested and six of these also had a Proteus OXK agglutinin titre of greater than or equal to 1:160, indicating infection shortly before the study.
  11. Filarial antibodies and eosinophilia in human subjects in an endemic area
    Wong MM, Guest MF
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1969;63(6):796-800.
    PMID: 5368008
  12. A review of investigations on mite typhus in Burma and Malaya, 1945-1950
    AUDY JR, HARRISON JL
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1951 Feb;44(4):371-404.
    PMID: 14817817
  13. Further evidence for an exceptionally low prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among peptic ulcer patients in north-eastern peninsular Malaysia
    Raj SM, Yap K, Haq JA, Singh S, Hamid A
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2001 3 31;95(1):24-7.
    PMID: 11280057
    The Helicobacter pylori infection rate was determined in 124 consecutive patients with duodenal ulcers (DU), gastric ulcers (GU), duodenal erosions or gastric erosions diagnosed by endoscopy at a single institution in north-eastern peninsular Malaysia in 1996-97. Biopsies of the gastric antrum and body were subjected to the urease test, Gram staining of impression smears, culture and histopathological examination. Serology was undertaken on all patients using a locally validated commercial kit. Infection was defined as a positive result in at least one test. The infection rates were 20% (10/50), 21.2% (7/33), 16.7% (1/6) and 17.1% (6/35) in DU, GU, duodenal erosion and gastric erosion patients, respectively. The infection rate among Malays [7.0%, (6/86)] was lower than in non-Malays [47.4% (18/38)] (P < 0.001). There was a higher infection rate among males, who constituted 62.1% (77/124) of the sample. Seventy-eight patients (62.9%) were receiving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and 33 patients (26.6%) were neither receiving NSAIDs nor were infected with H. pylori. The H. pylori infection rate among peptic ulcer patients in this predominantly Malay rural population appears to be the lowest reported in the world thus far. Empirical H. pylori eradication therapy in peptic ulcer patients is clearly not indicated in this community. The possible reasons for the low prevalence of H. pylori infection are discussed.
  14. Low seroprevalence rates of Zika virus in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Sam IC, Montoya M, Chua CL, Chan YF, Pastor A, Harris E
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2019 11 01;113(11):678-684.
    PMID: 31294807 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trz056
    BACKGROUND: Zika virus (ZIKV) is believed to be endemic in Southeast Asia. However, there have been few Zika cases reported to date in Malaysia, which could be due to high pre-existing levels of population immunity.

    METHODS: To determine Zika virus (ZIKV) seroprevalence in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1085 serum samples from 2012, 2014-2015 and 2017 were screened for anti-ZIKV antibodies using a ZIKV NS1 blockade-of-binding assay. Reactive samples were confirmed using neutralization assays against ZIKV and the four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes. A sample was possible ZIKV seropositive with a ZIKV 50% neutralization (NT50) titre ≥20. A sample was probable ZIKV seropositive if, in addition, all DENV NT50 titres were <20 or the ZIKV NT50 titre was >4-fold greater than the highest DENV NT50 titre.

    RESULTS: We found low rates of possible ZIKV seropositivity (3.3% [95% confidence interval {CI} 2.4 to 4.6]) and probable ZIKV seropositivity (0.6% [95% CI 0.3 to 1.4]). Possible ZIKV seropositivity was independently associated with increasing age (odds ratio [OR] 1.04 [95% CI 1.02 to 1.06], p<0.0001) and male gender (OR 3.5 [95% CI 1.5 to 8.6], p=0.005).

    CONCLUSIONS: The low ZIKV seroprevalence rate, a proxy for population immunity, does not explain the low incidence of Zika in dengue-hyperendemic Kuala Lumpur. Other factors, such as the possible protective effects of pre-existing flavivirus antibodies or reduced transmission by local mosquito vectors, should be explored. Kuala Lumpur is at high risk of a large-scale Zika epidemic.

  15. Japanese encephalitis in Sarawak: studies on juvenile mosquito populations
    Heathcote OH
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1970;64(4):483-8.
    PMID: 4394983
  16. Arbovirus infections in Sarawak, October 1968-February 1970: GETAH virus isolations from mosquitoes
    Simpson DI, Way HJ, Platt GS, Bowen ET, Hill MN, Kamath S, et al.
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1975;69(1):35-8.
    PMID: 238314
    14 strains of Getah virus were isolated from a variety of mosquito species collected in Sarawak between October 1968 and February 1970. Ten strains were isolated from C. tritaeniorhynchus 7 of them at K. Tijirak. Single strains were isolated from C. gelidus, C. pseudovishnui, M. bonneae/dives and Aanopheles species. 6 of the isolates were obtained in October 1968 when Japanese encephalitis, Tembusu and Sindbis viruses were also very active. The available evidence suggest that Getah virus in Sarawak is maintained in a cycle similar to that of Japanese encephalitis virus and involves C. tritaeniorhynchus, C. gelidus and domestic pigs.
  17. Arbovirus infections in Sarawak: the role of the domestic pig
    Simpson DI, Smith CE, Marshall TF, Platt GS, Way HJ, Bowen ET, et al.
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1976;70(1):66-72.
    PMID: 1265821
    The possible role of pigs as arbovirus maintenance hosts and their importance as amplifier hosts was studied. Blood samples from 464 pigs of all ages collected in 1962 and 1964 were tested against 10 arboviruses. Antibodies to Japanese encephalitis and Getah viruses were particularly prevalent and their calculated monthly infection rates were 19-5% and 13-3% respectively. In 1969, 447 pigs were bled monthly throughout the year and the infection rates for Japanese encephalitis virus were calculated in pigs during the first year of life. Infection rates were not uniform throughout the year; the rate increases as the pig grew older and there was a marked seasonal increase in the infection rate in the period from November to January. This coincided with the seasonal major population peak of Culex tritaeniorhynchus following intense breeding of this mosquito prior to rice planting. It is suggested that, in Sarawak, the pig acts as a maintenance host of Japanese encephalitis in a cycle involving C. gelidus mosquitoes and also acts as an important amplifier host towards the end of the year in a cycle involving C. tritaeniorhynchus. It is further suggested that Getah virus is maintained in a similar cycle between C. tritaeniorhynchus and pigs.
  18. Japanese encephalitis in Sarawak: studies on adult mosquito populations
    Hill MN
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1970;64(4):489-96.
    PMID: 4394984
  19. Letter: Resistance to chloroquine of Plasmodium falciparum from Sabah
    Clyde DF, Han CM, Huang YS
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1973;67(1):146.
    PMID: 4591211
  20. Serological classification of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi organisms found in chiggers (Acarina: Trombiculidae) collected in Peninsular Malaysia
    Shirai A, Dohany AL, Ram S, Chiang GL, Huxsoll DL
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 1981;75(4):580-2.
    PMID: 6798724
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