Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 126 in total

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  1. Fulltext Description of male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Asiosimulium) wanchaii (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand, with keys to identify four species of the subgenus Asiosimulium
    Srisuka W, Takaoka H, Saeung A
    Trop Biomed, 2015 Sep;32(3):504-10.
    PMID: 26695212 MyJurnal
    The male, pupa and mature larva of Simulium (Asiosimulium) wanchaii Takaoka & Choochote, one of the four species of the small Oriental black fly subgenus Asiosimulium, are described for the first time based on samples collected from Thailand. The male S. (A.) wanchaii is characterized based on the enlarged hind basitarsus and the ventral plate which is much wider than long. The pupa and larva are characterized by the gill with 19 filaments and the deep postgenal cleft, respectively. Keys are provided to identify all the four species of the subgenus Asiosimulium for females, males, pupae and mature larvae.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/anatomy & histology
  2. Description of the female of Simulium chayamaritae (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand
    Takaoka H, Srisuka W, Saeung A
    Trop Biomed, 2018 Dec 01;35(4):975-980.
    PMID: 33601845
    Simulium chayamaritae Takaoka and Srisuka from Thailand belongs to the Simulium darjeelingense species-group of Simulium (Simulium) (Diptera: Simuliidae). The female of this species is described for the first time based on a female reared from a pupa collected from Chiang Mai, Thailand. It is characterized by the sensory vesicle elongate and the inner margins of the arms of the genital fork divergent, then convergent apically. It is similar to the female of S. eshimai Takaoka and Adler of the same speciesgroup from Vietnam. Taxonomic notes are given to separate it from two other species of the S. darjeelingense species-group from India and Malaysia, and 28 of 31 other species of the subgenus Gomphostilbia recorded from Thailand.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa
  3. A New Human-Biting Black Fly Species of Simulium (Simulium) (Diptera: Simuliidae) From Thailand
    Takaoka H, Srisuka W, Saeung A
    J Med Entomol, 2017 Jul 01;54(4):945-948.
    PMID: 28399286 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx064
    Simulium (Simulium) umphangense, a new human-biting species of black fly, is described based on females captured while attacking humans in western and central Thailand. The female of this new species is similar to those of S. (S.) indicum Becher, S. (S.) nigrogilvum Summers, and S. (S.) vanellum Huang et al. in the Simulium griseifrons species-group of the subgenus Simulium Latreille in having the frons densely covered with golden-yellow short hairs, a character rarely found in the subgenus Simulium. This new species is readily distinguished from the three related species by having a darkened fore tibia, a bare subcosta (or rarely with a few hairs), and an ovipositor valve not protruded posteriorly. Additional diagnostic characters of this new species are noted. This is the seventh human-biting species of black fly in Thailand.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa
  4. A new species and a new record of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) gombakense species-group (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand
    Takaoka H, Srisuka W, Low VL, Saeung A
    Acta Trop, 2018 Sep;185:156-166.
    PMID: 29772215 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.05.011
    Larvae and adults reared from pupae of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) gombakense Takaoka & Davies from eight streams in five provinces of Thailand were genetically analyzed by using cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 sequences. The material was composed of four lineages, of which lineages 2, 3 and 4 are genetically closely related to one another, but more distantly related to lineage 1, which is equivalent to typical S. (G.) gombakense from Peninsular Malaysia. Lineages 2, 3 and 4, which are morphologically indistinguishable, are designated as genoforms A, B and C within a species complex of S. (G.) paiense sp. nov., which is described based on specimens of lineage 2 (=genoform A). Simulium (G.) paiense sp. nov. is similar to S. (G.) gombakense from Peninsular Malaysia but appears to be barely distinguished by the relative length of the female fore basitarsus. Simulium (G.) thuathienense Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun is newly recorded from Thailand and its male is described for the first time. The female of S. (G.) gombakense is briefly described based on females reared from pupae collected from Peninsular Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/anatomy & histology
  5. Two New Species of the Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Species-Group of Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) From Thailand
    Takaoka H, Srisuka W, Saeung A
    J Med Entomol, 2017 09 01;54(5):1213-1223.
    PMID: 28505301 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx080
    Two new species of black flies, Simulium (Simulium) srisukai and S. (S.) kiewmaepanense, are described from specimens collected in Thailand. Both species are assigned to the Simulium variegatum species-group of the subgenus Simulium (Simulium) Latreille. They are characterized by the darkened female femora and tibiae and six inflated pupal gill filaments, and the darkened female tibiae and six ordinary thread-like pupal gill filaments, respectively. Taxonomic notes are given to separate these new species from 10 related species among the group. These new species represent the third and fourth species of the S. variegatum species-group from Thailand.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/anatomy & histology
  6. Two new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Myanmar, and their phylogenetic relationships with related species in the S. asakoae species-group
    Takaoka H, Srisuka W, Low VL, Maleewong W, Saeung A
    Acta Trop, 2017 Dec;176:39-50.
    PMID: 28746824 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.07.024
    Two new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia), S. (G.) myanmarense and S. (G.) monglaense, are described from females, males, pupae and larvae from Myanmar. The two new species are placed in the S. asakoae species-group, and are similar to each other in the female and male but distinguished in the pupa by the presence or absence of an anterodorsal projection of the cocoon, and in the larva by a unique pattern of colored markings on the abdomen. Taxonomic notes are given to separate these species from related species. The COI gene sequences of both species are compared with those of eight species of the S. asakoae species-group and three species of the S. ceylonicum species-group. Both new species are most closely related to each other, further supporting their morphological classification in the S. asakoae species-group.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/anatomy & histology
  7. Morphological and Molecular Evidence for Multiple Taxa in Simulium parahiyangum (Diptera: Simuliidae), a Geographic Generalist Black Fly in Southeast Asia
    Takaoka H, Low VL, Srisuka W, Ya'cob Z, Saeung A
    J Med Entomol, 2018 Oct 25;55(6):1453-1463.
    PMID: 30060220 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjy109
    Seven populations of Simulium parahiyangum Takaoka & Sigit (Diptera: Simuliidae), a geographically widespread nominal species of black fly in Southeast Asia, were morphologically and molecularly studied. Three morphoforms based on male and pupal morphological features, and two primary lineages based on the COI gene sequence analysis were recognized. Morphoform 1 (lineage 1) from Sarawak, Malaysia, is identified as S. parahiyangum sensu stricto and morphoform 2 (lineage 2) from Thailand and Vietnam, and morphoform 3 (lineage 1) from Peninsular Malaysia are each regarded as distinct species, although morphoform 3 is partially homosequential for the COI gene with morphoform 1. Morphoforms 2 and 3 are described as Simulium ngaoense sp. nov. and Simulium sazalyi sp. nov., respectively. Overall, S. parahiyangum is not a single geographic generalist but a composite of multiple species.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/anatomy & histology
  8. A new species of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand, with its phylogenetic relationships with related species in the Simulium asakoae species-group
    Srisuka W, Takaoka H, Fukuda M, Otsuka Y, Saeung A
    Acta Trop, 2019 Sep;197:105043.
    PMID: 31153893 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105043
    A new species of black fly, Simulium (Gomphostilbia) rampae, is described, based on adult male, its pupal exuviae and mature larvae collected from Doi Inthanon National Park, northern Thailand. This new species is placed in the Simulium asakoae species-group, and is characterized in the male by the high number of upper-eye facets in 17 vertical columns and 18 horizontal rows, in the pupa by the gill with a long common basal stalk, cone-shaped terminal hook, and cocoon with an anterodorsal projection, and in the larva by the medium-long postgenal cleft. A DNA analysis using COI gene supported its assignment to the S. asakoae species-group and showed its close relationship to S. (G.) udomi Takaoka & Choochote and S. (G.) chiangdaoense Takaoka & Srisuka. This is the fourth member of the S. asakoae species-group recorded from Thailand.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/anatomy & histology; Pupa/classification
  9. A New Black Fly Species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) From Thailand
    Takaoka H, Srisuka W, Saeung A
    J Med Entomol, 2017 11 07;54(6):1552-1559.
    PMID: 28981674 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx147
    Simulium (Gomphostilbia) fukudae sp. nov. is described based on females, males, pupae, and larvae from Thailand. This new species is placed in the Simulium batoense species-group of Simulium (Gomphostilbia). It is characterized by the female frons almost bare, male paramere covered with minute setae, pupal gill composed of six slender filaments, pupal terminal hooks cone-shaped, and cocoon with an anterodorsal projection. Taxonomic notes are given to separate this new species from the most similar species, Simulium (G.) sextuplum Takaoka & Davies and Simulium (G.) paukatense Takaoka, both from Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/anatomy & histology
  10. Simulium maleewongae, a New Species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) From Thailand
    Takaoka H, Srisuka W, Saeung A
    J Med Entomol, 2017 Jan;54(1):91-99.
    PMID: 28082635 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjw153
    Simulium (Gomphostilbia) maleewongae sp. nov. is described based on the adult males and females, their pupal exuviae, and larvae from Thailand. This new species is placed in the Simulium gombakense species-group of Simulium (Gomphostilbia). It is characterized by the female cibarium with a cup-like appendage, male ventral plate deeply depressed ventromedially, pupal gill composed of an inflated structure and eight slender filaments, cone-shaped pupal terminal hooks, and cocoon with an anterodorsal projection. Taxonomic notes are given to separate this new species from 10 other species of the same species-group known from China, India, Malaysia, Thailand, Nepal, and Vietnam. Keys to identify all 11 species of the S. gombakense species-group are provided for females, males, pupae, and larvae.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/anatomy & histology; Pupa/classification; Pupa/growth & development
  11. New records of 13 species of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Myanmar
    Takaoka H, Srisuka W, Maleewong W, Saeung A
    Acta Trop, 2018 Feb;178:281-289.
    PMID: 29217382 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.12.009
    A faunistic survey of black flies in Shan State, central Myanmar, was carried out in 2013. A total of 16 species were collected, of which 13 species are newly recorded from Myanmar. Among 13 newly recorded species, S. (S.) chiangmaiense Takaoka & Suzuki varied in the number of pupal gill filaments from eight to 10. This survey increases the number of species of black flies from Myanmar from 8 to 23. They are classified in five subgenera of the genus Simulium: one in Asiosimulium, seven in Gomphostilbia, one in Montisimulium, two in Nevermannia and 12 in Simulium.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/classification
  12. A new black fly species of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) epistum species-group (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand
    Takaoka H, Srisuka W, Low VL, Saeung A
    Acta Trop, 2017 Dec;176:373-379.
    PMID: 28919444 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.09.006
    A new species of black fly, Simulium (Gomphostilbia) isanense, is described based on females, males, pupae and mature larvae from Thailand. This new species is placed in the Simulium epistum species-group of the subgenus Gomphostilbia Enderlein. It is characterized by the pupal gill with eight filaments arranged as 3+3+2 from dorsal to ventral, of which an inner filament of the ventral pair is slightly longer than its counter filament. Taxonomic notes are provided to distinguish this new species from S. (G.) angulistylum Takaoka & Davies from Peninsular Malaysia, and three other related species. The difference between this new species and S. (G.) angulistylum is supported by genetic distances using the mitochondrial COI gene.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/anatomy & histology
  13. A New Species of Simulium (Asiosimulium) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand
    Takaoka H, Srisuka W, Saeung A
    J Med Entomol, 2018 05 04;55(3):569-574.
    PMID: 29361148 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx242
    Simulium (Asiosimulium) saeungae sp. nov. (Diptera: Simuliidae) is described based on females, males, pupae, and mature larvae collected from Nan Province, Northern Thailand. It is characterized by the medium-long cerci in the female, enlarged hind basitarsus, and broad ventral plate with its posterior margin not deeply concave in the male, arborescent pupal gill with 42-56 filaments in the pupa and smaller number of primary rays of the labral fan (30-33) in the larva. This is the fifth species of the subgenus Asiosimulium, the second smallest among 10 subgenera in the Oriental Region. Taxonomic notes are given to distinguish this new species from the three known species from Thailand and one from Nepal.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/anatomy & histology; Pupa/classification; Pupa/growth & development
  14. A New Species of the Simulium (Simulium) striatum Species Group (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand, and Its Differentiation from Two Related Species Based on a Fast-Evolving Nuclear Gene
    Takaoka H, Srisuka W, Low VL, Saeung A
    J Med Entomol, 2018 05 04;55(3):561-568.
    PMID: 29361011 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx241
    Simulium (Simulium) phraense sp. nov. (Diptera: Simuliidae) is described from females, males, pupae, and larvae from Thailand. This new species is placed in the Simulium striatum species group and is most similar to Simulium (Simulium) nakhonense Takaoka & Suzuki (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand among species of the same species group but is barely distinguished from the latter species by lacking annular ridges on the surface of the pupal gill filaments. The fast-evolving nuclear big zinc finger (BZF) gene has successfully differentiated this new species from its allies, S. (S.) nakhonense and Simulium (Simulium) chiangmaiense Takaoka & Suzuki (Diptera: Simuliidae) of the S. striatum species group. The BZF gene sequences show that this new species is more closely related to S. (S.) nakhonense than to S. (S.) chiangmaiense, further supporting its morphological classification.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/anatomy & histology; Pupa/classification; Pupa/cytology; Pupa/genetics
  15. Five new species of the Simulium decuplum subgroup of the Simulium (Gomphostilbia) batoense species-group (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand and their phylogenetic relationships
    Takaoka H, Srisuka W, Van Lun Low, Saeung A
    Acta Trop, 2018 Jun;182:271-284.
    PMID: 29551392 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.03.019
    Five new species of black flies, Simulium (Gomphostilbia) chiangraiense, S. (G.) huaikaeoense, S. (G.) khaokhoense, S. (G.) maeklangense, and S. (G.) pamiangense, are described based on adults, pupae and mature larvae from Thailand. These five species are similar to one another and are placed in the S. decuplum subgroup of the S. batoense species-group by having the male fore coxae darkened, ventral plate flat and transverse; pupal gill with 10 short filaments; and larval postgenal cleft deep approaching or reaching the posterior margin of the hypostoma. Simulium (G.) chiangraiense sp. nov. and S. (G.) pamiangense sp. nov. differ from the three other new species by the much longer pupal gill filaments and darkened dorsal surface of abdominal segments 1 and 2. Taxonomic notes are provided to distinguish these five new species from five other related species. The phylogenetic positions of these new species in the S. decuplum subgroup are presented based on the mitochondrial COI gene. Simulium (G.) pamiangense sp. nov. and S. (G.) huaikaeoense sp. nov. are highly similar to each other genetically, showing a sister relationship, though they are clearly different morphologically. On the contrary, S. (G.) khaokhoense sp. nov. is distantly positioned from S. (G.) huaikaeoense nov., though it is almost indistinguishable morphologically from the latter.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/genetics
  16. Discovery of a new black fly species in the Simulium (Simulium) striatum species-group (Diptera: Simuliidae) from northeastern Thailand and its phylogenetic relationships with seven Thai related species
    Srisuka W, Takaoka H, Aupalee K, Saeung A
    Acta Trop, 2023 Feb;238:106790.
    PMID: 36473597 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106790
    The female, male, pupa and mature larva of Simulium (Simulium) poolpholi sp. nov. collected from a large and seasonal stream in northeastern Thailand are described. This new species is placed in the S. striatum species-group by the female sternite 8 concave posteromedially in form of the inverted-U shape, ovipositor valve with a ventrally produced process along its inner margin, male ventral plate saddle-shaped, style with a basal protuberance, and pupal gill with 10 filaments. It is morphologically similar to S. (S.) phraense Takaoka, Srisuka & Saeung from northern Thailand by lacking annular ridges on the surface of pupal gill filaments but it is distinguished from the latter species by the arrangement of pupal gill filaments. Molecular analysis using the fast-evolving nuclear big zinc finger (BZF) gene shows that S. (S.) poolpholi sp. nov. formed a distinct clade, being separated from the seven other Thai species of this species-group by a genetic distance of 1.84-4.55%. Our discovery increases the number of species in the S. striatum species-group in Thailand to nine.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/anatomy & histology
  17. Simulium (Gomphostilbia) wijiti, a new species of black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) from northern Thailand and its genetic position with related species in the Simulium ceylonicum species-group
    Srisuka W, Takaoka H, Aupalee K, Saeung A
    Acta Trop, 2023 Aug;244:106947.
    PMID: 37196907 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106947
    A new black fly species, Simulium (Gomphostilbia) wijiti, is described based on adult females, males, pupal exuviae and mature larvae from Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand. This new species is placed in the Simulium ceylonicum species-group. It is distinguished from four Thai members of the S. ceylonicum species-group [S. (G.) curtatum Jitklang et al., S. (G.) pangsidaense Takaoka, Srisuka & Saeung, S. (G.) sheilae Takaoka & Davies, and S. (G.) trangense Jitklang et al.], in the female by the short to medium long sensory vesicle; in the male by the large number of upper-eye (large) facets in 15 vertical columns and 15 or 16 horizontal rows; in the pupa by the dorsum of abdominal segments darkened; and in the larva by the antenna as long as or slightly shorter than the stem of the labral fan (longer than the stem of the labral fan in four other species). Phylogenetic analysis based on the COI gene sequences revealed that this new species is genetically closely related to S. leparense of the S. ceylonicum species-group, but is clearly separated from the latter species, and also from the three Thai related species (S. curtatum, S. sheilae and S. trangense) of the same species-group with interspecific genetic distances ranging from 9.65% to 12.67%. This is the fifth member of the S. ceylonicum species-group recorded from Thailand.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa
  18. A new species of Simulium (Asiosimulium) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from northeastern Thailand, with its phylogenetic relationships with related species in the subgenus Asiosimulium
    Aupalee K, Srisuka W, Taai K, Takaoka H, Saeung A
    J Med Entomol, 2023 Nov 14;60(6):1330-1342.
    PMID: 37669777 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjad118
    Simulium (Asiosimulium) khongchiamense sp. nov. is described based on females, males, pupae, and mature larvae collected from Khong Chiam District, Ubon Ratchathani Province, northeastern Thailand. It is characterized in the female by the medium-long sensory vesicle, scutum with 3 dark longitudinal vittae and elongate cercus; in the male by the number of upper-eye (large) facets in 17 or 18 vertical rows and 18 or 19 horizontal rows, hind basitarsus moderately enlarged and ventral plate with the posterior margin moderately concave medially; in the pupa by the head and thoracic integument sparsely covered with tubercles and gill of arborescent type with 32 or 33 filaments; and in the larva by the postgenal cleft deep, reaching the posterior margin of the hypostoma and sheath of the subesophageal ganglion dark pigmented. DNA analysis based on COI gene of all known species of the subgenus Asiosimulium, except for S. shanense and S. suchitrae, indicated that this new species can be clearly differentiated from all other related species (S. phurueaense, S. oblongum, S. saeungae, S. furvum, and S. wanchaii) with interspecific genetic distances ranging between 4.79% and 19.18%. This is the eighth species of the subgenus Asiosimulium. Taxonomic notes are given to distinguish this new species from the 7 known species members in its same subgenus. Additionally, keys to species of all members in the subgenus Asiosimulium are provided.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/genetics
  19. Fulltext Biodiversity, seasonal abundance, and distribution of blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in six different regions of Thailand
    Srisuka W, Takaoka H, Otsuka Y, Fukuda M, Thongsahuan S, Taai K, et al.
    Parasit Vectors, 2017 Nov 21;10(1):574.
    PMID: 29157269 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2492-y
    BACKGROUND: Blackflies are an important medical and veterinary group of small blood-sucking insects. Ninety-three blackfly species have been reported in Thailand. However, information on their biodiversity and population dynamics in each region is lacking. The main aim of this study was to assess the regional biodiversity, seasonal abundance and distribution of blackflies in six eco-geographically different regions in the country.

    METHODS: Blackfly larvae and pupae were sampled monthly from 58 sites between May 2011 and April 2013. Diversity parameters, seasonal abundance, regional distribution and frequency of species occurrence in stream sites were analyzed.

    RESULTS: A total of 19,456 mature larvae representing 57 species, and belonging to six subgenera in the genus Simulium Latreille (s.l.), were found. The five predominant taxa were S. fenestratum (8.6%), the S. asakoae complex (8.3%), S. nakhonense (7.5%), the S. siamense complex (7.4%) and the S. doipuiense complex (6.7%). The most frequent taxa at all sites were the S. asakoae complex (84.5%), followed by S. fenestratum (82.8%), the S. siamense complex (75.9%), S. decuplum (60.3%), S. nakhonense (58.6%) and the S. tani complex (48.3%). The richness of regional species was highest (40 species) in the north and predominated in the cold season. However, blackflies in the south predominated during the hot season. The highest numbers of blackflies collected from central, northeastern, eastern and western regions of the country were observed in the rainy season. Overall, the mean number of blackflies collected across the six regions during the rainy and cold season had no statistically significant difference, but it differed significantly in the hot season.

    CONCLUSIONS: Blackflies in Thailand were surveyed in all three seasons across six geographical regions. These findings demonstrated that blackfly communities at each stream site varied with seasonality, and the regional relative abundance of blackflies differed markedly in the hot season. It was also found that the occurrence and distribution of blackflies in each region were associated strongly with elevation.

    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa/physiology
  20. First record of Megaselia scalaris (LOEW) (DIPTERA: PHORIDAE) infesting a spinose ear tick, Otobius megnini, colony in Sri Lanka
    Diyes GCP, Karunaratne WAIP, Tomberlin JK, Rajakaruna RS
    Trop Biomed, 2015 Dec 01;32(4):791-795.
    PMID: 33557472
    Megaselia scalaris (Loew) is a cosmopolitan polyphagous small fly with the ability of exploiting variety of ecological niches. Different life history stages act as detritivore, parasite, and parasitoid of wider spectrum of plant and animal matter under natural and laboratory conditions. Here, for the first time we present the opportunistic parasitism of M. scalaris on Otobius megnini, which act as a vector of Q fever and is capable of causing paralysis, toxic conditions, otoacariasis and otitis in humans and other animals. Tick samples from the ear canals of 14 thoroughbred horses were brought to the laboratory and several days later, larvae of M. scalaris were found feeding on immature stages of O. megnini. When the development was completed pupae were found attached to adult ticks and all nymphs were found dead. This context reveals the capability of M. scalaris surviving on O. megnini and the risk of their invading ear canals of horses.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pupa
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