Material and Methods: Retrospective review was done to the patients who received two-stage revisions with an antibiotic loaded cement-spacer for PJI of the hip between January 2010 to May 2015. We found 65 patients (65 hips) with positive culture findings. Eight patients were lost to follow-up and excluded from the study. Among the rest of the 57 patients, methicillin-resistant infection (MR Group) was found in 28 cases. We also evaluate the 29 other cases that caused by the other pathogen as control group. We compared all of the relevant medical records and the treatment outcomes between the two groups.
Results: The mean of follow-up period was 33.7 months in the methicillin-resistant group and 28.4 months in the control group (p = 0.27). The causal pathogens in the methicillin-resistant group were: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in 10 cases, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) in 16 cases and Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MRCNS) in two cases. The reimplantation rate was 92.8% and 89.6% in the methicillin-resistant and control group, respectively (p= 0.66). The rates of recurrent infection after reimplantation were 23.1% (6/26) in the methicillin-resistant group and 7.6% (2/26) in the control group (p= 0.12). The overall infection control rate was 71.4% (20/28) and 89.6% (26/29) in the methicillin-resistant and control group, respectively (p = 0.08). Both groups showed comparable baseline data on mean age, BMI, gender distribution, preoperative ESR/CRP/WBC and comorbidities.
Conclusions: Two-stage revision procedure resulted in low infection control rate and high infection recurrency rate for the treatment of methicillin-resistant periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the hip. Development of the treatment strategy is needed to improve the outcome of methicillin-resistant periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of the hip.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2015 and 2019, 60 patients who were being treated with volar locking plates due to isolated distal radius fracture were evaluated. Control radiographs were taken on the first day and at 3rd-, 6th- and 12th-month follow-ups. Distal dorsal cortex distance and lunate facet distance were measured in the lateral radiographs. The number of screws used in the metaphyseal region was also evaluated. According to the number of screws, the amount of collapse was analysed based on both the LFD and the DDD.
RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 43.5±12.7 years. Thirty-three of the patients included in the study were male and 27 were female, and the minimum follow-up period was one year. According to the mean number of screws, groups were defined as up to 6 screws or 7 screws and above. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of DDD collapse at the 6th-month and 12th-month follow-ups (p<0.005). It was observed that the radial collapse and decrease in DDD and LFD were lower in plates with seven screws and above.
CONCLUSION: Decreases in either DDD or LFD, or radial collapse were observed less in patients who had seven or more metaphyseal screws inserted. These findings might be useful for surgeons treating distal radius fractures to reduce radial collapse.
KEY WORDS: Needle sticks injury, health care workers, and standard precaution.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This mixed-method study aimed to determine the patient's needs to develop a discharge planning for total knee replacement surgery. The needs for 96 total knee replacement patients were assessed using the Needs Evaluation Questionnaire (NEQ). The in-depth interview primary focus was to explore the lived experience of the post-total knee replacement patients receiving care in the hospital.
RESULTS: A total of 96 participants (100%) completed the NEQ questionnaire. Most of the needs concerned by the participants were expressed by at least 70% of them except the financial need (59.4%). The semi-structured interview found two elements which were a support group and patients' needs in terms of emotional, physical and spiritual preparation in developing effective discharge planning.
CONCLUSION: This study clarified that the patient needs assessment in the patient care plan.
Materials and Methods: We searched the databases of our institutions for the surgical procedures diagnosed as "fracture of the radial head" and for the procedures related to "prosthesis of the radial head" and "osteosynthesis of the radial head" in the period from May 2014 to October 2017. The fractures were first classified according to the Mason classification . We then allocated the patients into three study groups according to the site of the fracture, either the medial or lateral side of the radial head : Group A, with an isolated lateral fracture of the radius head; Group B1, with a medial fracture of the radius head with two medial fragments; and Group B2, with a medial fracture of the radius head with multiple medial fragments. We performed a multivariate analysis to identify statistically significant correlation between the pre-operative classifications of Mason and our study, the type of surgical procedure, and the clinical outcome.
Results: Mayo Elbow Performance (MEP) scores determined at the final follow-up of the study (mean 16.6 months, range 12-26 months) was excellent in 17 patients (4 in Group A, 6 in Group B1 and 7 in Group B2), and good in 12 patients (3 in Group A, 7 in Group B1, and 2 in Group B2). One patient showed a poor result in MEP score probably because of an infection and implant removal.
Conclusion: Regarding medial fractures of the radial head, our study showed satisfactory results with a radial head prosthesis for comminuted or multifragmentary radial head fractures. For surgeons with advanced elbow fracture expertise, osteosynthesis could be attempted in a fracture pattern that involved only two medial fragments.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 91 patients with grade I, II and IIIa open tibia fractures were recruited from 2016 to 2018, and their data were obtained from the consensus book and medical records. Participants were divided into four groups based on the time of initial debridement: (1) less than 6 hours, (2) 6 to less than 12 hours, (3) 12 to less than 24 hours, and (4) 24 hours and more. Fracture-related infection was determined by using Metsemakers confirmative criteria. Association between time and infection were determine by Binary Logistic Regression analysis by remerged the group into three; (1) less than 12 hours, (2) 12 to less than 24 hours and (3) 24 hours and more. The collected information was analysed using SPSS version 24 and Microsoft Excel 2010.
RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 31.9 years old, with male predominant (n=80, 87.0%). Most participants had delayed initial debridement of more than 24 hours and predominantly Gustilo-Anderson type IIIa (n=47). A total of 8 fractures complicated with infection (8.7%), majority in grade IIIa and debridement performed within 12 to less than 24 hours. Binary logistic regression showed increased odds of infection with a delayed wound debridement both in clinical presentation and positive culture, but the association was not statistically significant. The commonest organism isolated was Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
CONCLUSION: Comparing to different time interval, initial wound debridement of more than 24 hours did not have strong association with increasing infection rate. However, even though statistically not significant, the odds of infection was increase with increasing time of initial wound debridement of an open tibia fracture, thus it should be performed early.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional cadaveric study involving 164 randomly selected fresh multiracial Asian hemipelves (82 cadavers). Hemipelves were dissected to expose and evaluate the vascular elements posterior to superior pubic rami. Data were analysed using Chi-Square, t-test and with the help of IBM SPSS Statistics v26 software.
RESULTS: CMOR was found in 117 hemipelves (71.3%). No new morphological subtype was found. The mean distance of CMOR to symphysis pubis was 54.72mm (SD 9.35). Based on the results, it is evident that precaution needed to be taken at least within 55mm from symphysis pubis during any surgical intervention. The lack of statistically significant correlation between CMOR occurrence and gender, race and age suggest that the incidence of CMOR could be sporadic in manner.
CONCLUSION: We conclude that CMOR is not just aberrant vessel as the incidence is high and this finding is comparable to other studies. The mean location of CMOR obtained in this study will guide surgeons from various disciplines in Asia to manage traumatic vascular injury and to perform a safe surgical procedure involving the pelvis area.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search was performed based on PRISMA guidelines for clinical trials of BP administration in GCTB. Baseline data including BP regimen, dose and timing was summarised. The primary outcomes assessed were recurrence rate, metastases, survival rate, functional outcome, clinical outcome, radiological outcome, and adverse effect.
RESULTS: We identified 8 articles from 2008-2020. Most studies administer 4mg of Zoledronic acid post-operatively, with five studies mentioning pre-operative administration and six studies describing post-operative administration. There was a total of 181 GCTB cases analysed in this study. The BP group presented lower recurrence rate than control group (three studies; Odds Ratio [OR] 0.15; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 0.05 - 0.43; p<0.05; heterogeneity, I2=0%). As for survival rate, BP group is comparable to control group (two studies; OR 1.67; 95% CI, 0.06 - 48.46; p=0.77; heterogeneity, I2=65%).
CONCLUSION: Bisphosphonate therapy offers satisfactory recurrence rate, functional outcome, clinical outcome, radiological outcome, survival rate and metastases rate in patients with GCTB, with minimal adverse effects. Pre- and post-operative administration of bisphosphonates in combination might be the most beneficial in minimalising the recurrence rate.