METHOD: This is a clinical audit of cases of STR and fracture with 5504 patient-year dialysis vintage over 10 years. In order to verify the risk factor, comparison of cases of tendon rupture, the gender, and dialysis vintage matched patients without tendon rupture were done, followed by comparison with post-parathyroidectomy patients.
RESULT: Six cases of STR involving eight tendons were identified, including a case of concurrent tendon rupture and bony fracture. These include two cases of double tendons ruptures. During this time, there were 15 cases of bony fracture without tendon rupture. The overall incidence rate for STR and fracture was of 0.0011 and 0.0029 incidence per year of dialysis vintage or one case per 917 and 344 patient-year dialysis vintage, respectively. For patients with PTH ≥ 600 pg/mL, the incidence rate of tendon rupture and fracture was 0.0199 and 0.0430 incidence per person-years or one case per 50 and 23 person-years, respectively. For patients with PTH 5202 and 1734 person-years. There was significant difference for incidence rates of tendon rupture and fracture between these two groups, with six incidences of tendon rupture per 302 patient-dialysis-years of PTH ≥ 600 pg/mL versus 0 incidence per 5202 patient-year dialysis vintage of PTH 600 pg/mL had high risk of tendon rupture and bony fracture. Parathyroidectomy might reduce the risk of tendon rupture and fracture with lowering ALP signifying reduction in bone turn over. Combined incidence rate of tendon rupture and fracture could be used to assess the control of hyperparathyroidism related issues in dialysis center.
CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of a 56-year-old male patient with chronic kidney disease 5 on dialysis(CKD 5D). The patient presented with a history of fever, chills and rigours during a session of haemodialysis (HD). He was diagnosed with Enterobacter cloacae catheter-related blood stream infection and was started on ertapenem. After 13 days of ertapenem, he experienced an acute confusional state and progressed to having auditory and visual hallucinations. His blood investigations and imaging results revealed no other alternative diagnosis. Hence a diagnosis of ertapenem-induced neurotoxicity was made. He had complete resolution of symptoms after 10 days' discontinuation of ertapenem.
CONCLUSION: Our case draws attention to the risk of potentially serious toxicity of the central nervous system in HD patients who receive the current recommended dose of ertapenem. It also highlights that renal dosing in CKD 5D patients' needs to be clinically studied to ensure antibiotic safety.