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  1. Nee, Tan Shi, Roszalina Ramli, Athar, Primuharsa Putra Sabir Husin
    MyJurnal
    Dermoid cysts are anatomic embryonic abnormalities that are rarely seen in the oral cavity. Histologically, they are further classified as epidermoid, dermoid or teratoid. We report a case in which an 18- year-old girl who developed an epidermoid cyst presenting as a large sublingual swelling occupying the entire floor of the mouth causing snoring and speech difficulty. We emphasized on the clinical steps in achieving an accurate diagnosis, possible differential diagnosis, necessary imaging techniques and management of epidermoid cyst.
  2. Thong HK, Athar PPSH, Mustaffa WMW
    Open Access Maced J Med Sci, 2019 Jul 15;7(13):2142-2145.
    PMID: 31456841 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.577
    BACKGROUND: Lymphoepithelial cysts, which are benign and slow-growing tumours, usually involve the head and neck regions. Benign lymphoepithelial cysts (BLECs) are the most common cause of parotid swelling in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients and are less common in immunocompetent patients.

    CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we present two cases of immunocompetent patients with long-standing, progressively enlarging parotid swelling. Postoperative histopathological examination of these patients revealed features of BLEC.

    CONCLUSION: Wide surgical excision is the gold standard for treatment and recurrences is rare. These cases are of particular interest because of the rarity of BLEC in HIV-negative patients and highlight an important differential diagnosis of parotid swelling.

  3. Athar PP, Norhan NA, Abdul Rahman MS
    Malays J Med Sci, 2007 Jan;14(1):75-8.
    PMID: 22593658 MyJurnal
    Schwannoma of the cervical sympathetic chain is an extremely rare nerve tumour. We report an unusual swelling in a 41-year-old female who presented with an asymptomatic solitary mass in the right parapharyngeal space. Clinical examination and computed tomography showed displaced carotid artery in an antero-medial direction. Surgical excision of the lesion was carried out and histological examination revealed an Ancient Schwannoma.
  4. Husain S, Husain S, Yunus MR, Yunus MR, Ramli R, Ramli R, et al.
    J Pak Med Assoc, 2011 May;61(5):500-1.
    PMID: 22204190
    The case of a 10-year-old girl is presented who had a slow-growing, painless swelling on the left side of the tongue since six months. This was associated with disturbances in mastication and phonation. Examination revealed a 5 cm x 4 cm. globular smooth, mobile mass on left side of the tongue. There was no neurological deficit and no neck nodes palpable. She underwent excision of the mass under general anaesthesia. Complete enucleation with primary closure was carried out. The patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery and histological evaluation was consistent with schwannoma. The patient was recurrence free after one year.
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