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Fulltext Medication stockpiling: A red alert to combat for quality, safety, and efficacy of medication

Lee, Soik Fun, Chew, Wei Yee, Malar, Louise Santana, Nor Azrizan Hashim

Q Bulletin, 2019;1(28):4-16.
MyJurnal

Medication Stockpiling (MS), in the Ministry of Health, Malaysia, resulted in the disposal of MYR 2 million worth of expired or spoilt medicines between 2014 and 2016. MS is an alarming issue that causes healthcare resources wastage and potentially harmful and toxic to patients. This study aimed to reduce MS in Hospital Selama, beginning with the medical wards within one year.
A situational analysis from the year 2013 to 2014 showed a 9.4% increase in MS. A four-month pre-intervention study from November 2014 to February 2015 revealed a 28% MS. The standard of the study was set based on the team members’ consensus. The aim was to reduce 50% of MS after four-month of intervention. The cause-effect analysis identified the main contributing factors of MS. The questionnaire was distributed to nurses in the wards and pharmacists to pinpoint the MS antecedent. The results indicated a lack of routine ward audit by the clinical pharmacists, over-indent by ward nurses and oversupply by the pharmacy unit. A flow-chart of the good care process comprises the steps of medications indent and supply was developed. It involved assigning the nightshift nurses for checking and indenting the wards’ medication stock, developing the ward stock indent (WSI) form, ensuring the pharmacy staff supply sufficient medication and enforcing a monthly ward audit by the clinical pharmacists and cross-audit by other pharmacists. Each indicator in the model of good care was then measured.
The post-intervention period successfully achieved a 3.5% MS; an 87.5% reduction (exceeded the target). Additionally, a cost reduction in the medication wastage from MYR 1,273.97 to MYR 654.44 was noted. The study successfully achieved less than 6% of MS from 2015 to 2018.
In conclusion, the study facilitated a successful collaboration among the hospital different units towards MS reduction.
Fulltext Awareness, expectation and satisfaction towards ward pharmacy services among patients in medical wards: a multi-centre study in Perak, Malaysia

Ng CB, Chang CT, Ong SY, Mahmud M, Lee LC, Chew WY, et al.

BMC Health Serv Res, 2021 Oct 29;21(1):1175.
PMID: 34711230 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-07185-7

BACKGROUND: Patient's awareness and satisfaction towards ward pharmacy services may influence perception towards effectiveness and safety of drugs, affecting medication adherence and clinical outcome. Nevertheless, studies on local ward pharmacy services were lacking. This study evaluated awareness, expectation and satisfaction of ward pharmacy services among patients in medical wards and determined their association with demographic characteristics.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaire conducted in medical wards of fourteen Perak state public hospitals from September to October 2020. In-patients aged ≥18 years old were included. The validated questionnaire had four domains. The student's t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple linear regression were was employed to evaluate the association between patients' demographic characteristics with their awareness, expectation and satisfaction towards ward pharmacy services.
RESULTS: 467 patients agreed to participate (response rate = 83.8%) but only 441 were analysed. The mean age of the patients was 54.9 years. Majority was male (56.2%), Malay (77.3%), with secondary education (62.9%), rural resident (57.1%) and reported good medication adherence (61.6%). The mean awareness score was 49.6 out of 60. Patients were least aware about drug-drug interaction (3.85 ± 1.15) and proper storage of medications (3.98 ± 1.06). Elderly patients (β = - 2.82, P

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