METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted at Hospital Sultanah Aminah Johor Bahru from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019. All patients with TBI requiring urgent craniotomy were identified from the operating theatre registry, and the required data were extracted from their clinical notes, including the Glasgow Outcome Score (GCS) at discharge and 6 months later. Logistic regression was performed to identify the factors associated with poor outcomes.

RESULTS: A total of 154 patients were included in this study. The median door-to-skin time was 605 (interquartile range = 494-766) min. At discharge, 105 patients (68.2%) had poor outcomes. At the 6-month follow-up, only 58 patients (37.7%) remained to have poor outcomes. Simple logistic regression showed that polytrauma, hypotensive episode, ventilation, severe TBI, and the door-to-skin time were significantly associated with poor outcomes. After adjustments for the clinical characteristics in the analysis, the likelihood of having poor outcomes for every minute delay in the door-to-skin time increased at discharge (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.005; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.002-1.008) and the 6-month follow-up (AOR = 1.008; 95% CI = 1.005-1.011).