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  1. Roh YH, Yoo SJ, Choi TH, Nam KW
    Malays Orthop J, 2023 Mar;17(1):124-132.
    PMID: 37064634 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2303.015
    INTRODUCTION: Accurate diagnosis of undisplaced periprosthetic femoral fracture (PFF) after hip arthroplasty is crucial, as overlooked PFF may affect its treatment and prognosis. The undisplaced PFF is often difficult to distinguish from radiolucent lines of nutrient artery canal (NAC) of the femur present on post-operative radiographs. We aimed to identify the radiographic features of NAC to distinguish them from PFFs.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective radiological study, a total of 242 cases in 215 patients with hip arthroplasty were analysed using pre-operative and post-operative anteroposterior (AP) and translateral (TL) radiographs. Interobserver agreement of the measurements was assessed by two independent experienced orthopaedic surgeons. The kappa value ranged from 0.83 to 0.87, indicating strong agreement according to the Landis and Koch criteria.

    RESULTS: The NACs were found pre-operatively in 94 (39.8%) cases on AP views and in 122 cases (50.4%) on TL views. The radiolucent lines were observed post-operatively in 42 (17.4%) on AP views and 122 (50.4%) on the TL views. three cases (1.2%) had a fracture around the stem that were detected on radiographs. One case with PFF presented simultaneously with NAC on the immediate post-operative radiographs. All patients were treated by conservative measures, and the radiolucent lines did not appear on follow-up radiographs.

    CONCLUSION: It is not easy to differentiate undisplaced PFFs that can occur after hip arthroplasty operation from NACs. However, accurate diagnosis is possible through careful observation and comparison of pre-operative and post-operative radiologic images.

  2. Choi T, Sarkar M, Bonham M, Brock T, Brooks IA, Diug B, et al.
    Front Med (Lausanne), 2023;10:1146832.
    PMID: 37849488 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1146832
    INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND: Course evaluation in health education is a common practice yet few comprehensive evaluations of health education exist that measure the impact and outcomes these programs have on developing health graduate capabilities.

    AIM/OBJECTIVES: To explore how curricula contribute to health graduate capabilities and what factors contribute to the development of these capabilities.

    METHODS: Using contribution analysis evaluation, a six-step iterative process, key stakeholders in the six selected courses were engaged in an iterative theory-driven evaluation. The researchers collectively developed a postulated theory-of-change. Then evidence from existing relevant documents were extracted using documentary analysis. Collated findings were presented to academic staff, industry representatives and graduates, where additional data was sought through focus group discussions - one for each discipline. The focus group data were used to validate the theory-of-change. Data analysis was conducted iteratively, refining the theory of change from one course to the next.

    RESULTS: The complexity in teaching and learning, contributed by human, organizational and curriculum factors was highlighted. Advances in knowledge, skills, attitudes and graduate capabilities are non-linear and integrated into curriculum. Work integrated learning significantly contributes to knowledge consolidation and forming professional identities for health professional courses. Workplace culture and educators' passion impact on the quality of teaching and learning yet are rarely considered as evidence of impact.

    DISCUSSION: Capturing the episodic and contextual learning moments is important to describe success and for reflection for improvement. Evidence of impact of elements of courses on future graduate capabilities was limited with the focus of evaluation data on satisfaction.

    CONCLUSION: Contribution analysis has been a useful evaluation method to explore the complexity of the factors in learning and teaching that influence graduate capabilities in health-related courses.

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