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  1. Fulltext Ecological connectivity networks in rapidly expanding cities
    Nor ANM, Corstanje R, Harris JA, Grafius DR, Siriwardena GM
    Heliyon, 2017 Jun;3(6):e00325.
    PMID: 28706999 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00325
    Urban expansion increases fragmentation of the landscape. In effect, fragmentation decreases connectivity, causes green space loss and impacts upon the ecology and function of green space. Restoration of the functionality of green space often requires restoring the ecological connectivity of this green space within the city matrix. However, identifying ecological corridors that integrate different structural and functional connectivity of green space remains vague. Assessing connectivity for developing an ecological network by using efficient models is essential to improve these networks under rapid urban expansion. This paper presents a novel methodological approach to assess and model connectivity for the Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus) and Yellow-vented bulbul (Pycnonotus goiavier) in three cities (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Jakarta, Indonesia and Metro Manila, Philippines). The approach identifies potential priority corridors for ecological connectivity networks. The study combined circuit models, connectivity analysis and least-cost models to identify potential corridors by integrating structure and function of green space patches to provide reliable ecological connectivity network models in the cities. Relevant parameters such as landscape resistance and green space structure (vegetation density, patch size and patch distance) were derived from an expert and literature-based approach based on the preference of bird behaviour. The integrated models allowed the assessment of connectivity for both species using different measures of green space structure revealing the potential corridors and least-cost pathways for both bird species at the patch sites. The implementation of improvements to the identified corridors could increase the connectivity of green space. This study provides examples of how combining models can contribute to the improvement of ecological networks in rapidly expanding cities and demonstrates the usefulness of such models for biodiversity conservation and urban planning.
  2. Fulltext The global reach of social media in oral and maxillofacial surgery
    Harris JA, Beck NA, Niedziela CJ, Alvarez GA, Danquah SA, Afshar S
    Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2023 Sep;27(3):513-517.
    PMID: 35739365 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-022-01095-6
    PURPOSE: Social media use among oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMSs) has grown in recent years, serving as an important resource for the dissemination of medical/surgical knowledge, research, education, diplomacy, and advocacy. However, no studies have attempted to characterize the global reach of social media in OMS.

    METHODS: This study examined the profile activity, content performance, and demographic characteristics of followers from a single OMS-related Instagram account. Variables assessed include the total number of followers since the account's inception, profile views over the selected time period, and unique media content posts, as well as likes, comments, saves, impressions, and reach for all media content posts. The top 45 countries, cities, and languages based on each follower's geolocation and user settings were also included.

    RESULTS: There were 9569 followers of which 6208 (64.9%) were listed as public accounts. Of the 6208 followers with public accounts, 2496 (40.2%) were female. The countries with the most followers included the United States (31.7%), India (12.5%), Malaysia (5.3%), Mexico (4.0%), and Pakistan (3.6%). The cities with the most followers included New York, New York (8.9%), Boston, Massachusetts (5.2%), Cairo, Egypt (4.3%), Santiago, Chile (3.7%), and Karachi, Pakistan (3.5%).

    CONCLUSION: OMS-related social media is uniquely positioned to facilitate global collaboration and augment the dissemination of surgical knowledge and expertise. This information is critical in understanding the distribution and demographics of the OMS workforce, trainees, and affiliates around the world.

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