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Fulltext New Vertical Handover Method to Optimize Utilization of Wireless Local Area Network in High-Speed Environment

Yew HT, Supriyanto E, Satria MH, Hau YW

PLoS One, 2016;11(11):e0165888.
PMID: 27814388 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165888

In heterogeneous wireless networks, wireless local area network (WLAN) is highly preferred by mobile terminals (MTs) owing to its high transmission bandwidth and low access cost. However, in high-speed environment, handover from a cellular network to a WLAN cell will lead to a high number of handover failures and unnecessary handovers due to the WLAN coverage limitation and will become worse at high speed. A new vertical handover method is proposed to minimize the probability of handover failure and unnecessary handover while maximizing the usage of WLAN in high-speed environment. The simulation results show that the proposed method kept the probability of handover failure and unnecessary handover below 0.5% and 1%, respectively. Compared with previous studies, the proposed method reduced the number of handover failures and unnecessary handovers up to 80.0% and 97.7%, respectively, while the MT is highly mobile. Using the proposed prediction method, the MT can benefit high bandwidth and low network access cost from the WLAN with minimum interruption regardless of speed.
Fulltext Anatomically realistic aortic dissection simulator as a potential training tool for point-of-care ultrasound

Rahmah M, Al-Ashwal RH, Salim MIM, Lam YT, Hau YW

J Ultrason, 2024 Feb;24(94):1-9.
PMID: 38343785 DOI: 10.15557/jou.2024.0002

AIM: Simulators for aortic dissection diagnosis are limited by complex anatomy influencing the accuracy of point-of-care ultrasound for diagnosing aortic dissection. Therefore, this study aimed to create a healthy ascending aorta and class DeBakey, type II aortic dissection simulator as a potential point-of-care ultrasound training model.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: 3D mould simulators were created based on computed tomography images of one healthy and one DeBakey type II aortic dissection patient. In the next step, two polyvinyl alcohol-based and two silicone-based simulators were synthesised.
RESULTS: The results of the scanning electron microscope assessment showed an aortic dissection simulator's surface with disorganised surface texture and higher root mean square (RMS or Rq) value than the healthy model of polyvinyl alcohol (RqAD = 20.28 > RqAAo = 10.26) and silicone (RqAD = 33.8 > RqAAo = 23.07). The ultrasound assessment of diameter aortic dissection showed higher than the healthy ascending aorta in polyvinyl alcohol (dAD = 28.2 mm > dAAo = 20.2 mm) and Si (dAD = 31.0 mm > dAAo = 22.4 mm), while the wall thickness of aortic dissection showed thinner than the healthy aorta in polyvinyl alcohol, which is comparable with the actual aorta measurement. The intimal flap of aortic dissection was able to replicate and showed a false lumen in the ultrasound images. The flap was measured quantitatively, indicating that the intimal flap was hyperechoic.
CONCLUSIONS: The simulators were able to replicate the surface morphology and echogenicity of the intimal flap, which is a linear hyperechoic area representing the separation of the aorta wall.

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