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  1. Hazwan Halimoon, Abdul Rashid Hussain, Kouzani A, Muhd Nazrul Hisham Zainal Alam
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:969-976.
    In this paper, a minibioreactor platform made of low cost polymers is presented. The minibioreactor prototype was designed
    as an alternative solution for carrying out microbial fermentation experiments in laboratory. The minibioreactor prototype
    has a working volume of 1.5 mL and was fabricated from poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(dimethylsiloxane)
    (PDMS) polymers. Cell density was measured online whilst agitation rates and the temperature of the reactor content
    can be tightly controlled to desired set-point values. As proof-of-concept, various S. cerevisae fermentation experiments
    were conducted. In every experiment, the minibioreactor operated stably for the entire length of operation which was
    nearly 40 h with very minimal volume loss i.e. about 2.8 µL·h-1 at 37ºC. The minibioreactor has the maximum oxygen
    transfer rate (OTR) of 16.6 mmol·L-1·h-1 under the agitation rate of 300 rpm. Under these conditions, cell specific growth
    rate as high as 0.291 h-1 was obtained. The experimental data in the minibioreactor operation was also reproducible
    using shake flask where similar growth profiles were attained under a similar growth conditions.
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