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Fulltext Primary sclerosing lipogranuloma: an unusual scrotal mass

Singam P, Suriyani L, Ho C, Eng Hong G, Zainuddin Z

Libyan J Med, 2010 Oct 04;5.
PMID: 21483560 DOI: 10.3402/ljm.v5i0.5524

Sclerosing lipogranuloma (SLG) of the male external genitalia is a rare benign condition presenting as subcutaneous masses. The underlying pathological process is a granulomatous reaction of fatty tissue in this area. The cause of this is unclear but hypothesis stems around the pathogenesis of exogenous lipid degeneration from injection of foreign bodies such as paraffin for penile augmentation. However, endogenous lipid degeneration from other various causes such as infection, trauma, and allergic mechanisms has also been reported. We present the case of a 40-year-old man with primary SLG of the external genitalia. Literature review on the treatment strategies are addressed and discussed.
Fulltext Outcomes of Prostate Artery Embolisation in Patients with Severe Symptoms of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

Abdul Rahim R, Eng Hong G, Nik Ismail NA, Zakaria R

Malays J Med Sci, 2021 Dec;28(6):55-63.
PMID: 35002490 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.6.6

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is associated with severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). The severity of LUTS is assessed by the International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS). Prostate artery embolisation (PAE) is a newly available method for combating LUTS. This study aims to assess the outcomes of PAE in reducing LUTS and prostate volume in patients with BPH.
Methods: Patients diagnosed with BPH with severe LUTS who had undergone PAE were included. Their IPSS score was ≥ 20 despite medical therapy. PAE was performed via the unilateral femoral artery using various types of embolic material. Bilateral or unilateral embolisation of the prostate artery was considered a technical success. The severity of LUTS pre- and post-PAE were assessed using IPSS while prostate volume pre- and post-PAE were assessed by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Results: Ninety percent of patients had technical success and one required transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The mean IPSS reduction at the final follow-up was 12.9 (P < 0.028). The mean reduction of prostate volume at the last follow-up by ultrasound was 114.99 mL (P < 0.028) and by MRI was 29.17 mL (P < 0.028).
Conclusion: PAE is safe and effective in reducing severe LUTS and prostate gland volume in BPH patients.
High prevalence of thyroid function test abnormalities in chronic schizophrenia

Othman SS, Abdul Kadir K, Hassan J, Hong GK, Singh BB, Raman N

Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 1994 Dec;28(4):620-4.
PMID: 7794205

The thyroid status of 249 patients with chronic schizophrenia (males = 136, females = 113) with a median age of 36 years (range: 16 to 58 years) and a median duration of hospitalisation of 10 years (range: 1 to 30 years) was assessed. Thyroid antibodies (TAb) were found in 51 patients (20%). In female patients, 32 (28%) were TAb positive compared to 13% (n = 152, p = 0.01) in healthy female blood donors. In male patients, the prevalence of TAb was 14% compared to 7% (n = 449, p = 0.01) in healthy male blood donors. Of the 183 patients who had thyroid hormone measurements, 60% had normal test, 5% had elevated TSH and 17% had low TSH. The T4, FT41 and FT31 were significantly lower in those with low or high TSH (p < 0.001) compared to those with normal TSH. Of the 143 patients with normal TSH, 33 (23%) had low T3. In conclusion, there is a spectrum of thyroid function test abnormalities in chronic schizophrenia; this may be related to an abnormality in the central regulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary thyroid axis as well as at the peripheral level. However the association between chronic schizophrenia and the presence of thyroid antibodies, and the clinical relevance of these biochemical abnormalities, are still not clear.
Founder mutation in the BRCA1 gene in Malay breast cancer patients from Singapore

Lee AS, Ho GH, Oh PC, Balram C, Ooi LL, Lim DT, et al.

Hum Mutat, 2003 Aug;22(2):178.
PMID: 12872263

The mutation spectrum of the BRCA1 gene among ethnic groups from Asia has not been well studied. We investigated the frequency of mutations in the BRCA1 gene among Malay breast cancer patients from Singapore, independent of family history. By using the protein truncation test (PTT) and direct sequencing, BRCA1 mutations were detected in 6 of 49 (12.2%) unrelated patients. Four novel missense mutations in exon 11, T557A (1788A>G), T582A (1863A>G), N656S (2086A>G) and P684S (2169C>T) were identified in one patient. Two patients had missense mutations in exon 23, V1809A (5545T>C), which has been previously detected in individuals from Central and Eastern Europe. Three unrelated patients had the deleterious 2846insA frameshift mutation in exon 11. Methylation specific PCR (MSP) of the promoter region of the BRCA1 gene detected hypermethylation of tumor DNA in an additional 2 patients. Haplotype analysis using the microsatellite markers D17S855, D17S1323 and D17S1325 revealed a common haplotype for the three unrelated patients and their three relatives with the 2846insA mutation. These findings strongly suggest that the 2846insA mutation, the most common deleterious mutation in this study, may possibly be a founder mutation in breast cancer patients of Malay ethnic background.
Osteoblastogenesis stimulation by human umbilical cord stem cell secretome during maxillary expansion

Nugraha AP, Hong G, Hariri F, Ardani IGAW, Pramusita A, Putranti NAR, et al.

J Dent Sci, 2026;21(4):2127-2135.
PMID: 42923653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.07.3588

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Maxillary expansion induced by mechanical force (MEMF) is a standard orthodontic approach for correcting transverse maxillary deficiency. The human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell secretome (HUCMSC-S) has the potential to stimulate accelerate bone remodeling. This study aimed to evaluate local HUCMSC-S application effect during MEMF on the expression bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, BMP-4, BMP-7, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) in a Wistar rat (Rattus norvegicus).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four healthy male Wistar rats (R. norvegicus) were randomly divided into four groups: K1: blank, without treatment; K2: rats with an activated MEMF and PBS; P1: rats with an activated MEMF and HUCMSC-S; and P2: rats with an inactivated MEMF and HUCMSC-S. MEMF experimental animals was performed by applying a force of 0.42 N using a loop and observed for 28 days. The HUCMSC-S single dose was 2 x 106 cells (equivalent to 5 x 105 cells in 50 μl of aMEM) every two days application. After 28 days, the maxillary containing the midpalatal suture were harvested. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to quantify the positive expression of BMP-2, BMP-4, BMP-7, VEGF, TGF-β, IGF-1 and FGF-2.
RESULTS: HUCMSC-S local application during active expansion (Group P1) significantly upregulated the expression of BMP-2, BMP-4, BMP-7, VEGF, TGF-β, IGF-1, and FGF-2 in the midpalatal suture on day 28 compared to the control groups (P ≤ 0.05).
CONCLUSION: HUCMSC-S local application effectively stimulates osteoblastogenesis and angiogenesis markers in the midpalatal suture during MEMF.
Fulltext Corrigendum to "Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells secretome and nanoemulsion propolis combination ameliorate osteoclastogenesis in lipopolysaccharide-induced osteolysis in hyperglycemia rats" [J Dent Sci] 20 (2025) 2181-2188

Nugraha AP, Yang K, Pramusita A, Putranti NAR, Luthfi M, Ramadhani NF, et al.

J Dent Sci, 2026;21(4):2622-2624.
PMID: 42924233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.07.3725

[This corrects the article on p. 2181 in vol. 20, PMID: 41040564.].
Fulltext Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells secretome and nanoemulsion propolis combination ameliorate osteoclastogenesis in lipopolysaccharide-induced osteolysis in hyperglycemia rats

Nugraha AP, Yang K, Pramusita A, Putranti NAR, Luthfi M, Ramadhani NF, et al.

J Dent Sci, 2025 Oct;20(4):2181-2188.
PMID: 41040564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2025.07.003

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell secretome (HUCMSCS) and nanoemulsion propolis (NEP) from Tetragonula biroi may be beneficial regenerative medicine to reduce LPS-induced osteolysis with hyperglycemia. This study aimed to investigate the HUCMSCS and NEP effect on nuclear factor associated T-cell-1 (NFATc1), sclerostin, receptor activator kappa beta (RANK), its ligand (RANKL), the osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAPase), and cathepsin K (Ctsk) serum level in LPS-induced osteolysis in hyperglycemic Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight healthy male Wistar rats, 1-2 months old and 250-300 g body weight, were divided into seven groups, namely K1: control group; K2: 100 μl LPS; K3: hyperglycemia (≥230 mg/dL); K4: 100 μl LPS with hyperglycemia; K5: LPS, hyperglycemia, and 100 μl NEP; K6: LPS, hyperglycemia, and 100 μl HUCMSCS; and K7: LPS, hyperglycemia, and 100 μl HUCMSCS and NEP. Escherichia coli`s LPS was used to induce osteolysis on the calvaria. NEP and HUCMSCS were formulated and collected, then injected subcutaneously on the calvaria. Hyperglycemia-induced streptozotocin 30 mg/kg injection for one week, intraperitoneally. All samples were sacrificed on day 8. Blood samples were collected to examine TRAP and Ctsk levels with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. NFATc1, sclerostin, and RANK-RANKL-OPG expression investigated with immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS: HUCMSCS and NEP administration inhibit TRAP and Ctsk levels, reduce NFATc1, sclerostin, and RANK-RANKL, but enhance OPG expression in LPS-induced osteolysis with hyperglycemia with significant differences between groups (P ≤ 0.05).
CONCLUSION: HUCMSCS and NEP post-administration reduced osteoclastogenesis in LPS-induced osteolysis calvaria with hyperglycemic in rats in the early phase of bone remodelling.