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  1. Fu, Zinvi, Ahmad Yusairi Bani Hashim, Zamberi Jamaludin, Imran Syakir Mohamad
    Borneo Akademika, 2020;4(4):44-60.
    MyJurnal
    Electromyography (EMG) is a random biological signal that depends on the electrode
    placement and the physiology of the individual. Currently, EMG control is practically limited
    by this individualistic nature and requires per session training. This study investigates the
    EMG signals based on six locations on the lower forearm during contraction. Gesture
    classification was performed en-bloc across 20 subjects without retraining with the objective
    of determining the most classifiable gestures based on the similarity of their resultant EMG
    signals. Principle component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were the
    principal tools for analysis. The results showed that many gesture pairs could be accurately
    classified per channel with accuracies of over 85%. However, classification rates dropped to
    unreliable levels when up to nine gestures were classified over the single channels. The
    classification results show universal classification based on a common EMG database is
    possible without retraining for limited gestures.
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