METHODS: This retrospective, observational, population-based study used the Japan Medical Data Center (JMDC) health insurance claims database to identify patients having schizophrenia before or on the day of the first LAI AP prescription (index date), and receiving LAI AP between April 1, 2012 and December 31, 2019. The number of all-cause, psychiatric-, and schizophrenia-related hospitalizations at baseline (365 days before index date) and during the 1-year follow-up period were evaluated.

RESULTS: Of the 1692 patients who received LAI AP during the study period, 146 were included (employed: 55 [37.7 %]; dependent: 91 [62.3 %]). The mean age was 37 years; 50.7 % (n = 74) were females. During baseline period, 61 (41.8 %) patients were not hospitalized. During the follow-up period, 67 (45.9 %) patients underwent hospitalization ≤ 7 days; all-cause: 100 (68.7 %); psychiatry-related: 104 (76.2 %); schizophrenia-related: 114 (78.1 %). A higher proportion of patients were hospitalization-free during the follow-up in the employed vs. dependent population: all cause: 69.1 % vs. 61.5 %; psychiatric-related 76.4 % vs. 67.0 %, schizophrenia-related: 87.3 % vs. 71.4 %.

METHODS: A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted across six countries/territories. Adult participants were categorized as MDD-ANH, MDD non-ANH, and General Population based on self-reported MDD diagnosis, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS). Multivariate/generalized linear regression modeling (GLMs) and mediation analysis were used to assess anhedonia's impact on HRQoL/function, HRU, and work productivity.

METHODS: This cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted in April-May 2023 among physicians and individuals aged ≥18 years with self-reported physician diagnosis of MDD (9-item Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9] score ≥ 10) further stratified by anhedonia as measured by the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS): MDD-ANH (SHAPS score > 2) and MDD non-ANH (SHAPS score ≤ 2). The study assessed the prevalence of anhedonia in MDD as well as the perspectives on the treatment of anhedonia in MDD in terms of expectations and satisfaction among patients and physicians.

RESULTS: The regional estimated prevalence of MDD was 16.1% where 52.5% of MDD respondents had ANH (SHAPS score ≥2). Depressed mood, mental changes, and changes in sleeping patterns prompted MDD-ANH (n = 1448) or MDD non-ANH (n = 836) respondents to seek medical consultation. Respondents with MDD-ANH (vs MDD non-ANH) reported significantly higher levels of depression and anhedonia, longer treatment duration, and preferred switching their existing medications over adding additional medications (all, p < 0.001). Over half of physicians (55.0%) were not treating anhedonia separately. Anhedonia-specific treatment goals seemed important to all respondents, while avoiding suicidal ideation was significantly important to physicians. MDD-ANH respondents reported in general the lowest level of satisfaction with treatment goals than MDD non-ANH and physician, with "improvements in sexual satisfaction" being the treatment goal with the lowest level of satisfaction.