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  1. Hospital Mortality and Adverse Events Following Repair of Congenital Heart Defects in Developing Countries
    Bateson BP, Deng L, Ange B, Austin E, Dabal R, Broser T, et al.
    World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg, 2023 Nov;14(6):701-707.
    PMID: 37386780 DOI: 10.1177/21501351231176189
    BACKGROUND: Mortality associated with the correction of congenital heart disease has decreased to approximately 2% in developed countries and major adverse events are uncommon. Outcomes in developing countries are less well defined. The World Database for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery was utilized to compare mortality and adverse events in developed and developing countries.

    METHODS: A total of 16,040 primary procedures were identified over a two-year period. Centers that submitted procedures were dichotomized to low/middle income (LMI) and high income (HI) by the Gross National Income per capita categorization. Mortality was defined as any death following the primary procedure to discharge or 90 days inpatient. Multiple logistic regression models were utilized to identify independent predictors of mortality.

    RESULTS: Of the total number of procedures analyzed, 83% (n  =  13,294) were from LMI centers. Among all centers, the mean age at operation was 2.2 years, with 36% (n  =  5,743) less than six months; 85% (n  =  11,307) of procedures were STAT I/II for LMI centers compared with 77% (n = 2127) for HI centers (P 

  2. UEFA expert group statement on nutrition in elite football. Current evidence to inform practical recommendations and guide future research
    Collins J, Maughan RJ, Gleeson M, Bilsborough J, Jeukendrup A, Morton JP, et al.
    Br J Sports Med, 2021 Apr;55(8):416.
    PMID: 33097528 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2019-101961
    Football is a global game which is constantly evolving, showing substantial increases in physical and technical demands. Nutrition plays a valuable integrated role in optimising performance of elite players during training and match-play, and maintaining their overall health throughout the season. An evidence-based approach to nutrition emphasising, a 'food first' philosophy (ie, food over supplements), is fundamental to ensure effective player support. This requires relevant scientific evidence to be applied according to the constraints of what is practical and feasible in the football setting. The science underpinning sports nutrition is evolving fast, and practitioners must be alert to new developments. In response to these developments, the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) has gathered experts in applied sports nutrition research as well as practitioners working with elite football clubs and national associations/federations to issue an expert statement on a range of topics relevant to elite football nutrition: (1) match day nutrition, (2) training day nutrition, (3) body composition, (4) stressful environments and travel, (5) cultural diversity and dietary considerations, (6) dietary supplements, (7) rehabilitation, (8) referees and (9) junior high-level players. The expert group provide a narrative synthesis of the scientific background relating to these topics based on their knowledge and experience of the scientific research literature, as well as practical experience of applying knowledge within an elite sports setting. Our intention is to provide readers with content to help drive their own practical recommendations. In addition, to provide guidance to applied researchers where to focus future efforts.
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