There were a number of accidents reported throughout the implementation of the National Services Training
Programme (NSTP) since 2004 until 2012. The National Services Training Department (NSTD) is responsible for
the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) aspects in the NSTP camps. The study was conducted with its objective
to compare the levels of OSH audit compliance at NSTP between 2011 and 2012. A cross sectional method was
used, involving a total of 67 randomly selected NSTP camps. The data analysis was conducted on two types of
audit checklists using SPSS version 2.1. The r-value of 0.197 obtained indicates a weak relationship between the
document review and physical training element. The p-value of 0.118, meanwhile, shows that there is no statistically
significant correlation between the results of document review and physical training element. Most of the elements
show an increased percentage of compliance as a result of initiatives taken by the Camp Training Management and
the Camp Operator. Despite an improved compliance level seen from 2011 to 2012, NSTD should look into certain
critical elements considered high risk by the regulatory requirements. NSTD should also continue with its initiatives
to enhance safety and health aspects in NSTP camps not only for the benefit of the trainees but also for themselves.
communication, full compliance and good behavior) as among the crucial elements required to be possessed by the principal employers in three sectors, namely manufacturing, public services and construction. In relation to this, this paper will describe the development and validation of instruments prior to the measurement of principal employers’ roles and responsibilities in the implementation of OSH. Three assessment tools were developed, namely the Benchmarking Interview, Questionnaire and Workplace Inspection. Fifteen companies were selected for the benchmarking interview, 50 employers conveniently selected for the survey interview (covering three sectors) and 90 employers selected for the workplace inspection (30 respondents for each sector). The development of benchmarking interview and workplace inspection scores are briefly discussed while the main focus is on the validation of the survey constructs (or items). The reliability check on 53 items representing four elements (i.e., Commitment, Communication, Compliance, Behaviour) of employers’ roles and responsibilities in the implementation of OSH showed that the Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient is more than 0.90 which indicates that the internal consistency is extremely reliable. It also indicates that the set of items in each element are closely related and well understood by the respondents. Validity check on the items based on the Rasch measurement infit and outfit mean square statistics and standardized z-score found that nine items had misfitting values and finally corrected for further analysis. This study had shown that a valid and reliable instruments are important in ensuring that accurate and precise findings are obtained in measuring the roles and responsibilities of principal employer in the implementation of OSH.