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  1. Rokiah Omar, Yau, Meng Kuan, Victor, Feizal Knight, Faudziah Abd Manan, Mohd Nizar Ahmad Padri
    Movement Health & Exercise, 2017;6(1):13-19.
    MyJurnal
    The ability to anticipate accurately and consistently plays a vital role to excel in sports
    performance. The present study was designed to determine the differences of visual anticipation
    time between athletes in open and closed skills sports. A total of 95 junior athletes, aged 13 to 16
    years old (Mean age=14.84±1.04 years) from Bukit Jalil Sports School participated in the study.
    Participants were distributed to open skills (n=47) and closed skills (n=48) sports according to
    their sports environment. Visual anticipation time was tested using Bassin Anticipation Timer in
    response to stimuli at the speed of 5, 10, and 15 mph, measuring absolute and variable error.
    Absolute error measured the accuracy of responses while variable error focused on the
    consistency of responses. The results of this investigation showed that in general open skills sport
    are not superior over anticipation ability in relations to accuracy and consistency as compared to
    closed skills sports across all speeds (p < 0.05). The evidence from this study suggested more
    emphasis on training related to eye and hand coordination would be imperative for open skills
    sports athletes to enhance in on-field sports performance. This study could serve as a base for
    future studies focusing on visual and hand coordination related to speed as anticipation has been
    proven to be the key leading to superior performance and for talent identification purposes. Future
    research concentrating on elite athletes as well as focused sports group would provide further
    insights on anticipation ability of athletes.
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