Affiliations 

  • 1 Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
  • 2 National Defence University of Malaysia
  • 3 National Sports Institute, Kuala Lumpur
Movement Health & Exercise, 2017;6(1):13-19.
MyJurnal

Abstract

The ability to anticipate accurately and consistently plays a vital role to excel in sports
performance. The present study was designed to determine the differences of visual anticipation
time between athletes in open and closed skills sports. A total of 95 junior athletes, aged 13 to 16
years old (Mean age=14.84±1.04 years) from Bukit Jalil Sports School participated in the study.
Participants were distributed to open skills (n=47) and closed skills (n=48) sports according to
their sports environment. Visual anticipation time was tested using Bassin Anticipation Timer in
response to stimuli at the speed of 5, 10, and 15 mph, measuring absolute and variable error.
Absolute error measured the accuracy of responses while variable error focused on the
consistency of responses. The results of this investigation showed that in general open skills sport
are not superior over anticipation ability in relations to accuracy and consistency as compared to
closed skills sports across all speeds (p < 0.05). The evidence from this study suggested more
emphasis on training related to eye and hand coordination would be imperative for open skills
sports athletes to enhance in on-field sports performance. This study could serve as a base for
future studies focusing on visual and hand coordination related to speed as anticipation has been
proven to be the key leading to superior performance and for talent identification purposes. Future
research concentrating on elite athletes as well as focused sports group would provide further
insights on anticipation ability of athletes.