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Serum neurofilament light chain level as a biomarker of neurodegeneration and predictor of white-matter abnormality progression

Murthy JK, Das S

Eur J Neurol, 2020 10;27(10):e55.
PMID: 32526090 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14389
Fulltext Treatment of femoral neck fractures: unipolar versus bipolar hemiarthroplasty

Somashekar, Krishna SV, Sridhara Murthy J

Malays Orthop J, 2013 Jul;7(2):6-11.
PMID: 25722818 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1307.007

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Intracapsular femoral neck fractures are common in the elderly population. To avoid the poor outcome of internal fixation and for early mobilization, hemiarthroplasty is performed. However, there is inadequate evidence to support the choice between unipolar or bipolar hemiarthroplasty. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of unipolar with the bipolar prosthesis in geriatric patients.
METHODS: Forty-one patients above 60 years of age and an acute displaced fracture of the femoral neck were randomly allocated to treatment by either unipolar or bipolar hemiarthroplasty, in the Department of Orthopaedics, between September 2009 and October 2012. Functional outcome was assessed and compared using Harris hip score and radiological parameters with a follow-up of one year.
RESULTS: The two groups of patients with mean age of 67.3 in bipolar group and 75.6 in unipolar group did not differ in their pre-injury characteristics and perioperative parameters. The mean Harris hip score in bipolar and unipolar groups was 86.18±12.18 and 79.79±15.55, respectively (p=0.183); range of motion was 210.63±28.39 and 181.58±37(p=0.015) with bipolar and unipolar groups, respectively. Functional activities were better in the bipolar group. Complications like painful hip, posterior dislocation, periprosthetic fracture and acetabular erosion were encountered in unipolar prostheses.
CONCLUSION: The use of bipolar endoprosthesis in the management of displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly was associated with better mean Harris hip score and incidence of complications was limited. Hence, bipolar would be a better option in elderly patients with fracture neck of femur.
KEY WORDS: Unipolar; Bipolar; Hemiarthroplasty.
Neuroprotective Effects of Ficus deltoidea in Alzheimer's Disease-Like Rat Model: Insights from Behavior, Histology, and Amyloid Pathology

Usman AS, Manoharan SD, Che Mohd Nassir CMN, Abdul Hamid H, Hein ZM, Norazit A, et al.

Mol Neurobiol, 2026 Jan 06;63(1):345.
PMID: 41493675 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-025-05642-6

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by cognitive decline, memory impairment, and accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques. While current treatments offer limited efficacy, medicinal plants such as Ficus deltoidea (FD), a traditional remedy, have shown promise due to their neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. An AD-like phenotype was induced in male Wistar rats using D-galactose and aluminum chloride over 70 days. FD extract was administered orally at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg. Spatial memory was evaluated using the T-maze test. Histological analyses of the hippocampi's Cornu Ammonis 1 and 3 (CA1 and CA3) regions were conducted via hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and Aβ plaques deposition was assessed with Congo red. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to quantify hippocampal levels of Aβ (1-42) and β-secretase-1 (BACE-1). FD treatment significantly enhanced spatial memory, preserved pyramidal neuron integrity in CA1 and CA3, and reduced amyloid plaque formation. Biochemically, FD markedly decreased hippocampal Aβ (1-42) and BACE-1 concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, FD exhibits multi-target neuroprotective effects in an AD-like model, potentially via modulation of amyloidogenic pathways. Further studies are warranted to explore its mechanisms and therapeutic potential in other brain regions implicated in AD.

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