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Neonatal and Infant Neurological Examination: Value and Applicability in Recent Medical Setting in Vietnam

Tran LC, Phun LD, Tran NTH, Nguyen PM

Malays J Med Sci, 2024 Apr;31(2):222-224.
PMID: 38694579 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.20
Fulltext Atomistic Study of the Bandgap Engineering of Two-Dimensional Silicon Carbide by Hydrogenation

Thu Tran HT, Nguyen PM, Van Nguyen H, Chong TV, Bubanja V, Van Vo H

ACS Omega, 2023 Jul 18;8(28):25424-25431.
PMID: 37483209 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02914

This work studied hydrogen adsorption by a two-dimensional silicon carbide using a combined molecular dynamics and density functional theory approach. The geometrical properties of partially and fully hydrogenated structures were investigated, considering the effect of zero-point energy. The preferred hydrogen atom location is on top of silicon atoms. The hydrogen interaction energies were obtained for the first time as the attractive force. For fully hydrogenated 2D SiC, the chair-like conformer is the most stable configuration, and the next is the boat-like conformer, while the table-like structure is not stable. The coverage and arrangement of the adsorbed hydrogen atoms significantly influence the values of the direct/indirect bandgaps of the considered systems, increasing the bandgap to 4.07, 3.64, and 4.41 eV for chair-like, table-like, and boat-like, respectively. Their dynamical stability was investigated by phonon dispersion calculations. The obtained results can serve as a guide for the application of hydrogenated two-dimensional silicon carbide in optoelectronic applications in manufacturing innovation.
Fulltext Ab Initio Investigation of the Hydrogen Interaction on Two Dimensional Silicon Carbide

Nguyen PM, Van Nguyen H, Lam VT, Nhu Duong TT, Chong TV, Tran HTT

ACS Omega, 2022 Dec 27;7(51):47642-47649.
PMID: 36591197 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04532

A series of density functional theory calculations were performed to understand the bonding and interaction of hydrogen adsorption on two-dimensional silicon carbide obtained from molecular dynamics simulation. The converged energy results pointed out that the H atom can sufficiently bond to 2D SiC at the top sites (atop Si and C), of which the most stable adsorption site is TSi. The vibrational properties along with the zero-point energy were incorporated into the energy calculations to further understand the phonon effect of the adsorbed H. Most of the 2D SiC structure deformations caused by the H atoms were found at the adsorbent atom along the vertical axis. For the first time, five SiC defect formations, including the quadrilateral-octagon linear defect (8-4), the silicon interstitial defect, the divacancy (4-10-4) defect, the divacancy (8-4-4-8) defect, and the divacancy (4-8-8-4) defect, were investigated and compared with previous 2D defect studies. The linear defect (8-4) has the lowest formation energy and is most likely to be formed for SiC materials. Furthermore, hydrogen atoms adsorb more readily on the defect surface than on the pristine SiC surface.
Evaluating Lactate and D-Dimer as Mortality Predictors of Paediatric Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome: A Prospective Study in a Low-Middle Income Country

Nguyen PM, Tran KV, Phan HV, Tran KQ, Tran DL, Mai HT, et al.

Malays J Med Sci, 2024 Aug;31(4):126-137.
PMID: 39247101 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.4.10

BACKGROUND: Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) is a complex medical condition characterised by dysfunction across multiple organs. With limited information available on mortality prediction in the paediatric population, particularly in low-middle income countries, this study evaluates the mortality predicting capabilities of lactate, D-dimer, and their combination.
METHODS: This prospective study involved paediatric patients admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of the largest central children's hospital in the Mekong Delta region, Vietnam, from 2019 to 2021. The discriminative ability and calibration of both individual and combined tests were assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test.
RESULTS: Among the patients studied, 63.1% did not survive. Lactate and D-dimer concentrations were significantly higher in the non-survivor group (P < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) values for lactate, D-dimer and the combined lactate-D-dimer test were 0.742, 0.775 and 0.804, respectively, with the combination showing the highest AUC value, though without statistical significance. Specific thresholds for lactate, D-dimer and the combination yielded sensitivities of 75.5%, 71.7%, and 66.0%, respectively. All three tests showed no statistically significant differences between observed and predicted mortality in the Hosmer-Lemeshow test (all P-values > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Lactate and D-dimer levels showed a significant association with mortality, along with good discrimination and calibration abilities. These results highlight the utility of lactate and D-dimer as effective predictors in paediatric MODS, particularly in resource-limited settings, and their role in improving patient outcomes.