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  1. Mohd Jamil Abdul Wahab, Noor Azrieda Abd Rashid, Salmiah Ujang, Choon LS
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1139-1147.
    Timber scaffold boards have been widely utilised in the offshore construction industry. However, technical specifications
    and inspection procedure for the application of scaffold boards from a wood material were inadequate. In the development
    of the standard requirements, evaluation of actual engineering practices could indicate the level of workplace safety. A
    study was conducted to identify risk and safety measures concerning the use of timber scaffold boards in construction.
    This article discusses on the occupational risks and ergonomics issues of the scaffolding application based on the physical
    and mechanical conditions of tropical timber scaffold boards extracted from offshore oil and gas rigs. The boards were
    exposed to a seasonal climate of East Coast monsoon of South China Sea between November and February. The scaffolding
    application extended up to 20 m directly above the ocean surface and some boards were completely immersed below
    the ocean surface particularly during elevated tidal waves. Some of the boards were installed as the on-deck platforms.
    Forty scaffold boards fabricated from tropical timber species were evaluated. Physical characteristics of the boards
    were described by natural and man-made factors. A three-point bending test was conducted to determine the maximum
    load capacity of each board and the mode of fracture was evaluated. Timber identification test was conducted to identify
    the groups of the timber being used. The microscopic observation confirmed the presence of hyphae which indicated the
    biological deterioration has happened in some of the boards. Occupational risks were summarised based on the results
    of the physical and mechanical assessments
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