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  1. Naimah Abdul Halim, Tse SC, Nyuk Ling Ma, Ismail Sahid
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:261-268.
    2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) has herbicidal properties that cause lipid peroxidation on plant tissues. The
    present study aimed at examining the phytotoxic effects of 2,4-DTBP compared to that of selected herbicides which
    induced lipid peroxidation based on quantum yield (Φ) and membrane integrity of two bioassay weed species namely
    Oldenlandia verticillata and Leptochloa chinensis under light and dark conditions. Laboratory assays showed reduced
    Φ of 2,4-DTBP- and dinoterb-treated leaf discs within the first 3 h of the dark incubation period, with further decrease
    during the subsequent 15 h dark period and 6 h light period. Diuron drastically reduced the Φ of the bioassay species
    throughout the incubation period. The Φ of glufosinate-treated O. verticillata leaf discs was marginally reduced and
    decreased further upon light exposure; it had no effect on the Φ of L. chinensis. Fluridone, isoxaflutole, clomazone and
    oxyfluorfen also had negligible effect on Φ, whereas paraquat caused a rapid reduction in Φ upon light exposure for both
    bioassay species. 2,4-DTBP, paraquat and dinoterb induced electrolyte leakage during the dark incubation period; this
    was further increased in the presence of light for O. verticillata and L. chinensis. For both bioassay species, glufosinate
    caused a marked amount of electrolyte leakage, whereas diuron, fluridone, isoxaflutole, clomazone and oxyfluorfen had
    negligible effect on ion leakage. These results suggested that 2,4-DTBP has herbicidal activity comparable to that of
    dinoterb without dependence on light.
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