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  1. Fulltext Comparison of diagnostic algorithms in clinically suspected viral myocarditis: Agreement between cardiovascular magnetic resonance, endomyocardial biopsy, and troponin T
    Zainal H, Rolf A, Zhou H, Vasquez M, Escher F, Keller T, et al.
    J Cardiovasc Magn Reson, 2024 08 25;26(2):101087.
    PMID: 39191369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocmr.2024.101087
    AIMS: Myocardial inflammation is increasingly detected noninvasively by tissue mapping with cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). Intraindividual agreement with endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) or markers of myocardial injury, high-sensitive cardiac troponin (hs-cTnT) in patients with clinically suspected viral myocarditis is incompletely understood.

    METHODS: Prospective multicenter study of consecutive patients with clinically suspected myocarditis who underwent blood testing for hs-cTnT, CMR, and EMB as a part of diagnostic workup. EMB was considered positive based on immunohistological criteria in line with the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) definitions. CMR diagnoses employed tissue mapping using sequence-specific cut-off for native T1 and T2 mapping; active inflammation was defined as T1 ≥2 standard deviation (SD) and T2 ≥2 SD above the mean of normal range. Hs-cTnT of greater than 13.9 ng/L was considered significant.

    RESULTS: A total of 114 patients (age (mean ± SD) 54 ± 16, 65% males) were included, of which 79 (69%) had positive EMB criteria, 64 (56%) CMR criteria, and a total of 58 (51%) positive troponin. Agreement between EMB and CMR diagnostic criteria was poor (CMR vs ESC: area under the curve (AUC): 0.51 (0.39-0.62)). The agreement between a significant hs-cTnT rise and CMR-based diagnosis of myocarditis was good (AUC: 0.84 (0.68-0.92); p 

  2. Fulltext Native T1 and T2 provide distinctive signatures in hypertrophic cardiac conditions - Comparison of uremic, hypertensive and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
    Arcari L, Hinojar R, Engel J, Freiwald T, Platschek S, Zainal H, et al.
    Int J Cardiol, 2020 05 01;306:102-108.
    PMID: 32169347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.03.002
    AIMS: Profound left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy with diastolic dysfunction and heart failure is the cardinal manifestation of heart remodelling in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Previous studies related increased T1 mapping values in CKD with diffuse fibrosis. Native T1 is a non-specific readout that may also relate to increased intramyocardial fluid. We examined concomitant T1 and T2 mapping signatures and undertook comparisons with other hypertrophic conditions.

    METHODS: In this prospective multicentre study, consecutive CKD patients (n = 154) undergoing routine clinical cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging were compared with patients with hypertensive (HTN, n = 163) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM, n = 158), and normotensive controls (n = 133).

    RESULTS: Native T1 was significantly higher in all patient groups, whereas native T2 in CKD only (p 

  3. Fulltext Predicting attitudinal and behavioral responses to COVID-19 pandemic using machine learning
    Pavlović T, Azevedo F, De K, Riaño-Moreno JC, Maglić M, Gkinopoulos T, et al.
    PNAS Nexus, 2022 Jul;1(3):pgac093.
    PMID: 35990802 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac093
    At the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 became a global problem. Despite all the efforts to emphasize the relevance of preventive measures, not everyone adhered to them. Thus, learning more about the characteristics determining attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic is crucial to improving future interventions. In this study, we applied machine learning on the multinational data collected by the International Collaboration on the Social and Moral Psychology of COVID-19 (N = 51,404) to test the predictive efficacy of constructs from social, moral, cognitive, and personality psychology, as well as socio-demographic factors, in the attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic. The results point to several valuable insights. Internalized moral identity provided the most consistent predictive contribution-individuals perceiving moral traits as central to their self-concept reported higher adherence to preventive measures. Similar results were found for morality as cooperation, symbolized moral identity, self-control, open-mindedness, and collective narcissism, while the inverse relationship was evident for the endorsement of conspiracy theories. However, we also found a non-neglible variability in the explained variance and predictive contributions with respect to macro-level factors such as the pandemic stage or cultural region. Overall, the results underscore the importance of morality-related and contextual factors in understanding adherence to public health recommendations during the pandemic.
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