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  1. Oxidative status and reduced glutathione levels in premature coronary artery disease and coronary artery disease
    Musthafa QA, Abdul Shukor MF, Ismail NAS, Mohd Ghazi A, Mohd Ali R, M Nor IF, et al.
    Free Radic Res, 2017 Oct;51(9-10):787-798.
    PMID: 28899235 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2017.1379602
    Identifying patients at risk of developing premature coronary artery disease (PCAD) which occurs at age below 45 years old and constitutes approximately 7-10% of coronary artery disease (CAD) worldwide remains a problem. Oxidative stress has been proposed as a crucial step in the early development of PCAD. This study was conducted to determine the oxidative status of PCAD in comparison to CAD patients. PCAD (<45 years old) and CAD (>60 years old) patients were recruited with age-matched controls (n = 30, each group). DNA damage score, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl content were measured for oxidative damage markers. Antioxidants such as erythrocyte glutathione (GSH), oxidised glutathione (GSSG), and glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were also determined. DNA damage score and protein carbonyl content were significantly higher in both PCAD and CAD when compared to age-matched controls while MDA level was increased only in PCAD (p
  2. Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D deficiency among adults with epilepsy: A cross-sectional study
    Khoo CS, Shukor MF, Tan JK, Tan MM, Yong LL, Sahibulddin SZ, et al.
    Epilepsy Behav, 2023 Oct;147:109432.
    PMID: 37716324 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109432
    BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency among adult people with epilepsy (PWE) is scarcely studied, despite its essential role in bone health and maintaining homeostasis. Several studies have studied the relationship between factors related to epilepsy and vitamin D metabolism. We aim to investigate this in our multi-ethnic society.

    METHODS: This was a single-center cross-sectional study. We recruited 159 participants diagnosed with epilepsy on antiseizure medications (ASMs). We included those aged 18 years and above, excluding patients with long-term medical conditions that would affect vitamin D metabolism. Sociodemographic data and details of epilepsy were collated. Venous sampling was performed to analyze the levels of albumin-corrected calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D]. Serum 25(OH)D level is defined as deficient (<20 ng/ml), insufficient (20-29 ng/ml), and sufficient (≥30 ng/ml).

    RESULTS: The study reported that 73 (45.9%) participants had vitamin D deficiency, 38 (23.9%) had vitamin D insufficiency, and 48 (30.2%) patients had sufficient vitamin D levels. The predictors identified were PWE aged 18 to 44 years old (p = 0.001), female gender (OR 3.396, p = 0.002), and ethnicity (p 

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