Cryptographic algorithm has become one of the most important aspects in hardware
implementation of embedded security system design. Message Digest (MD) is one of the cryptographic
algorithms that can be used in any security design application. Nowadays, designing the high speed,
low power, and small area implementation of cryptographic algorithms on reconfigurable hardware is
one of the critical subjects for hardware application. The purpose of this paper had been to analyse the
structure of MD5 hash function for high performance implementation in order to obtain small area
implementation, as well as to increase the speed of the design on FPGA. In this paper, the frequency
maximum for MD5 design with both grey and binary signal encoding is discussed. The results retrieved
from the analysis showed that the differing results were caused by the switching bit of the signal input.
Besides, the frequency maximum of MD5 that employed binary signal encoding provided the highest
frequency maximum with smaller area implementation. By using grey signal encoding, the frequency
maximum was almost similar to the MD5 binary signal encoding, but it suffered larger area
implementation. On top of that, this research focused on timing and area implementation of the design,
where TimeQuest timing analyser was applied to optimize the output of the desig