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  1. The mental health continuum-short form: The structure and application for cross-cultural studies-A 38 nation study
    Żemojtel-Piotrowska M, Piotrowski JP, Osin EN, Cieciuch J, Adams BG, Ardi R, et al.
    J Clin Psychol, 2018 06;74(6):1034-1052.
    PMID: 29380877 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22570
    OBJECTIVE: The Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) is a brief scale measuring positive human functioning. The study aimed to examine the factor structure and to explore the cross-cultural utility of the MHC-SF using bifactor models and exploratory structural equation modelling.

    METHOD: Using multigroup confirmatory analysis (MGCFA) we examined the measurement invariance of the MHC-SF in 38 countries (university students, N = 8,066; 61.73% women, mean age 21.55 years).

    RESULTS: MGCFA supported the cross-cultural replicability of a bifactor structure and a metric level of invariance between student samples. The average proportion of variance explained by the general factor was high (ECV = .66), suggesting that the three aspects of mental health (emotional, social, and psychological well-being) can be treated as a single dimension of well-being.

    CONCLUSION: The metric level of invariance offers the possibility of comparing correlates and predictors of positive mental functioning across countries; however, the comparison of the levels of mental health across countries is not possible due to lack of scalar invariance. Our study has preliminary character and could serve as an initial assessment of the structure of the MHC-SF across different cultural settings. Further studies on general populations are required for extending our findings.

  2. Fulltext Author Correction: Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies
    Eriksson K, Strimling P, Gelfand M, Wu J, Abernathy J, Akotia CS, et al.
    Nat Commun, 2021 Apr 26;12(1):2483.
    PMID: 33903599 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22955-x
  3. Fulltext Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies
    Eriksson K, Strimling P, Gelfand M, Wu J, Abernathy J, Akotia CS, et al.
    Nat Commun, 2021 03 05;12(1):1481.
    PMID: 33674587 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21602-9
    Norm enforcement may be important for resolving conflicts and promoting cooperation. However, little is known about how preferred responses to norm violations vary across cultures and across domains. In a preregistered study of 57 countries (using convenience samples of 22,863 students and non-students), we measured perceptions of the appropriateness of various responses to a violation of a cooperative norm and to atypical social behaviors. Our findings highlight both cultural universals and cultural variation. We find a universal negative relation between appropriateness ratings of norm violations and appropriateness ratings of responses in the form of confrontation, social ostracism and gossip. Moreover, we find the country variation in the appropriateness of sanctions to be consistent across different norm violations but not across different sanctions. Specifically, in those countries where use of physical confrontation and social ostracism is rated as less appropriate, gossip is rated as more appropriate.
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