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Fulltext Strain-Reduced Micro-LEDs Grown Directly Using Partitioned Growth

Lu S, Zhang Y, Zhang ZH, Tsai PC, Zhang X, Tan ST, et al.

Front Chem, 2021;9:639023.
PMID: 33816438 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.639023

Strain-reduced micro-LEDs in 50 μm × 50 μm, 100 μm × 100 μm, 200 μm × 200 μm, 500 μm × 500 μm, and 1,000 μm × 1,000 μm sizes were grown on a patterned c-plane sapphire substrate using partitioned growth with the metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique. The size effect on the optical properties and the indium concentration for the quantum wells were studied experimentally. Here, we revealed that the optical properties can be improved by decreasing the chip size (from 1,000 to 100 µm), which can correspondingly reduce the in-plane compressive stress. However, when the chip size is further reduced to 50 μm × 50 μm, the benefit of strain release is overridden by additional defects induced by the higher indium incorporation in the quantum wells and the efficiency of the device decreases. The underlying mechanisms of the changing output power are uncovered based on different methods of characterization. This work shows the rules of thumb to achieve optimal power performance for strain-reduced micro-LEDs through the proposed partitioned growth process.
Novel ruthenium-doped vanadium carbide/polymeric nanohybrid sensor for acetaminophen drug detection in human blood

Duraisamy M, Elancheziyan M, Eswaran M, Ganesan S, Ansari AA, Rajamanickam G, et al.

Int J Biol Macromol, 2023 Jul 31;244:125329.
PMID: 37307970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125329

The use of advanced electroactive catalysts enhances the performance of electrochemical biosensors in real-time biomonitoring and has received much attention owing to its excellent physicochemical and electrochemical possessions. In this work, a novel biosensor was developed based on the electrocatalytic activity of functionalized vanadium carbide (VC) material, including VC@ruthenium (Ru), VC@Ru-polyaniline nanoparticles (VC@Ru-PANI-NPs) as non-enzymatic nanocarriers for the fabrication of modified screen-printed electrode (SPE) to detect acetaminophen in human blood. As-prepared materials were characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD, and XPS techniques. Biosensing was carried out using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry techniques and has revealed imperative electrocatalytic activity. A quasi-reversible redox method of the over-potential of acetaminophen increased considerably compared with that at the modified electrode and the bare SPE. The excellent electrocatalytic behaviour of VC@Ru-PANI-NPs/SPE is attributed to its distinctive chemical and physical properties, including rapid electron transfer, striking ᴫ-ᴫ interface, and strong adsorptive capability. This electrochemical biosensor exhibits a detection limit of 0.024 μM, in a linear range of 0.1-382.72 μM with a reproducibility of 2.45 % relative standard deviation, and a good recovery from 96.69 % to 105.59 %, the acquired results ensure a better performance compared with previous reports. The enriched electrocatalytic activity of this developed biosensor is mainly credited to its high surface area, better electrical conductivity, synergistic effect, and abundant electroactive sites. The real-world utility of the VC@Ru-PANI-NPs/SPE-based sensor was ensured via the investigation of biomonitoring of acetaminophen in human blood samples with satisfactory recoveries.
Highly electrochemically active Ti3C2Tx MXene/MWCNT nanocomposite for the simultaneous sensing of paracetamol, theophylline, and caffeine in human blood samples

Mari E, Duraisamy M, Eswaran M, Sellappan S, Won K, Chandra P, et al.

Mikrochim Acta, 2024 Mar 20;191(4):212.
PMID: 38509344 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06273-9

The facile fabrication is reported of highly electrochemically active Ti3C2Tx MXene/MWCNT (3D/1D)-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPE) for the efficient simultaneous electrochemical detection of paracetamol, theophylline, and caffeine in human blood samples. 3D/1D Ti3C2Tx MXene/MWCNT nanocomposite was synthesized using microwave irradiation and ultrasonication processes. Then, the Ti3C2Tx/MWCNT-modified SPE electrode was fabricated and thoroughly characterized towards its physicochemical and electrochemical properties using XPS, TEM, FESEM, XRD, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry techniques. As-constructed Ti3C2Tx-MWCNT/SPE offers excellent electrochemical sensing performance with good detection limits (0.23, 0.57, and 0.43 µM) and wide linear ranges (1.0 ~ 90.1, 2.0 ~ 62.0, and 2.0-90.9 µM) for paracetamol, caffeine, and theophylline, respectively, in the human samples. Notably, the non-enzymatic electroactive nanocomposite-modified electrode has depicted a semicircle Nyquist plot with low charge transfer resistance (Rct∼95 Ω), leading to high ionic diffusion and facilitating an excellent electron transfer path. All the above results in efficient stability, reproducibility, repeatability, and sensitivity compared with other reported works, and thus, it claims its practical utilization in realistic clinical applications.
Fulltext Real-world Effectiveness and Tolerability of Interferon-free Direct-acting Antiviral for 15,849 Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C: A Multinational Cohort Study

Ji F, Tran S, Ogawa E, Huang CF, Suzuki T, Wong YJ, et al.

J Clin Transl Hepatol, 2024 Jul 28;12(7):646-658.
PMID: 38993510 DOI: 10.14218/JCTH.2024.00089

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: As practice patterns and hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes (GT) vary geographically, a global real-world study from both East and West covering all GTs can help inform practice policy toward the 2030 HCV elimination goal. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of DAA treatment in routine clinical practice in a multinational cohort for patients infected with all HCV GTs, focusing on GT3 and GT6.
METHODS: We analyzed the sustained virological response (SVR12) of 15,849 chronic hepatitis C patients from 39 Real-World Evidence from the Asia Liver Consortium for HCV clinical sites in Asia Pacific, North America, and Europe between 07/01/2014-07/01/2021.
RESULTS: The mean age was 62±13 years, with 49.6% male. The demographic breakdown was 91.1% Asian (52.9% Japanese, 25.7% Chinese/Taiwanese, 5.4% Korean, 3.3% Malaysian, and 2.9% Vietnamese), 6.4% White, 1.3% Hispanic/Latino, and 1% Black/African-American. Additionally, 34.8% had cirrhosis, 8.6% had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and 24.9% were treatment-experienced (20.7% with interferon, 4.3% with direct-acting antivirals). The largest group was GT1 (10,246 [64.6%]), followed by GT2 (3,686 [23.2%]), GT3 (1,151 [7.2%]), GT6 (457 [2.8%]), GT4 (47 [0.3%]), GT5 (1 [0.006%]), and untyped GTs (261 [1.6%]). The overall SVR12 was 96.9%, with rates over 95% for GT1/2/3/6 but 91.5% for GT4. SVR12 for GT3 was 95.1% overall, 98.2% for GT3a, and 94.0% for GT3b. SVR12 was 98.3% overall for GT6, lower for patients with cirrhosis and treatment-experienced (TE) (93.8%) but ≥97.5% for treatment-naive patients regardless of cirrhosis status. On multivariable analysis, advanced age, prior treatment failure, cirrhosis, active HCC, and GT3/4 were independent predictors of lower SVR12, while being Asian was a significant predictor of achieving SVR12.
CONCLUSIONS: In this diverse multinational real-world cohort of patients with various GTs, the overall cure rate was 96.9%, despite large numbers of patients with cirrhosis, HCC, TE, and GT3/6. SVR12 for GT3/6 with cirrhosis and TE was lower but still excellent (>91%).