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  1. Umar Kassim, Omar Mohd Rohim
    MyJurnal
    In accordance upon conservation efforts, this research emphasizes on prevention of
    environmental pollution and considers the elements of sustainable of infrastructure
    construction materials, which is interlocking pavement block. The development of this
    innovative product apply the concept of 3Rs and waste to wealth by using the
    agricultural waste product, coconut shell, where widely available with very minimum
    cost worldwide especially in tropical country such as India, Indonesia, Philippines,
    Thailand and Malaysia. The main objective of this research is to produce an
    environmental friendly product with a good quality, low cost and lightweight known as
    Green Interlocking Pavement (GIP Block). The chemical composition of coconut shell
    ash and ordinary Portland cement being identified and compared to know whether it
    is able to react as a good binder in the mixture or not. The quality of GIP Block
    considered is compressive strength, water absorption and bulk density. All the blocks
    were curing in seven and 28 days before implementing the entire test. The existing
    interlocking pavement used as bench mark and GIP Block 0% of proportion of coconut
    shell ash used as control variables. The specimen of the interlocking pavement
    prepared in this research is 10%, 20% and 30% proportion of coconut shell ash to
    partially replace the quantity of cement. The ratio of the interlocking pavement apply
    in this research is 1:2 which stand for one part cement and two part of sand. The
    findings withdrawn from this research are: first, the chemical characteristic of the
    coconut shell ash and cement. Second, the value of bulk density slightly reduces as the
    percentage of coconut shell ash increases. Third, the additional of coconut shell ash to
    partially replace the quantity of cement in the product reduce the compressive
    strength and increase the percentage of water absorption.
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