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Periodontal status (CPITN) of six-to fifteen-year-old west Malaysian aborigines (Proto-Malays)

Abdul-Kadir R, Yassin AT

J Nihon Univ Sch Dent, 1989 Dec;31(4):612-8.
PMID: 2621482

A survey of 303 six- to fifteen-year-old Proto-Malay children was carried out in Selangor, West Malaysia. The examinations were carried out using a chair-table and natural daylight. Periodontal status was assessed using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). The findings revealed a generally low prevalence of periodontal disease affecting only 25.08% of the sample examined. Of these, 15.72% were found to have a score of 1 (bleeding of the gingiva), while 9.36% had calculus on the tooth surface. In terms of treatment needs, 24.75% required dental health education. The relationship between these findings and the possible causes are discussed.
Experience of dental caries among aboriginal children in Selangor, Malaysia

Kadir RA, Yassin AT

J Nihon Univ Sch Dent, 1990 Dec;32(4):275-80.
PMID: 2074496

A cross-sectional survey involving 303 6-15-year-old aboriginal children was carried out in Selangor, West Malaysia. Dental caries status was assessed on the basis of the methods of the World Health Organization Oral Health Survey. The findings indicated a generally low prevalence of dental caries with a mean df of 4.94 for children below the age of 10 years. Mean DMFT and DMFS values of 1.71 and 3.22, respectively, were also observed for the 6-15-year-old children.
Performance of Combined Support Vector Machine and Principal Component Analysis in recognizing infant cry with asphyxia

Sahak R, Mansor W, Lee YK, Yassin AM, Zabidi A

Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2010;2010:6292-5.
PMID: 21097359 DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2010.5628084

Combined Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to recognize the infant cries with asphyxia. SVM classifier based on features selected by the PCA was trained to differentiate between pathological and healthy cries. The PCA was applied to reduce dimensionality of the vectors that serve as inputs to the SVM. The performance of the SVM utilizing linear and RBF kernel was examined. Experimental results showed that SVM with RBF kernel yields good performance. The classification accuracy in classifying infant cry with asphyxia using the SVM-PCA is 95.86%.
Fulltext Malignancy in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients

Cader RA, Mei Yee AK, Yassin A, Ahmad I, Haron SN

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2018 Dec 25;19(12):3551-3555.
PMID: 30583682

Background: Malignancies are among the leading causes of death in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
patients with studies reporting a higher prevalence of malignancy in SLE patients compared to the general population.
We wanted to determine the frequency of cancer in a cohort of SLE patients and identify its associated risk factors.
Methods: Cross-sectional study involving SLE patients attending the nephrology outpatient clinic, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre between January and June 2014. Results: We recruited 228 patients (207 female,
21 male), aged 40.48 ± 12.86 years with mean SLE duration of 11.65 ± 6.46 years. Majority (87%) had lupus nephritis
and were in remission with a median SLEDAI score 2 (0, 14). Majority (89%) were on corticosteroid with either a
steroid sparing agent like mycophenolate mofetil (15.4%), azathioprine (36.8%) or ciclosporin (15.4%). One hundred
and sixty (70.2%) patients were either receiving or had received intravenous cyclophosphamide with median dose
of 5,173.6 ± 3,242.4 mg. Seven female patients were diagnosed with cancer during the course of their SLE with 56
(34-78) years being median age at malignancy and SLE duration of 4 (0-12) years. Majority (5/7) had lupus nephritis
and all patients a median dose of prednisolone 10 (2.5, 10) mg with 10 (4-24) years of steroids. Two patients had a
family history of cancer with majority developing cancer after the diagnosis of SLE. Two patients received intravenous
cyclophosphamide prior to the development of cancer for their SLE compared to overall cohort of 160. Three patients
had colorectal cancer, 2 had cervical cancer, 1 had breast cancer, and one patient had germ cell tumour and one thyroid
cancer. All patients had their cancer successful treated with no signs of recurrence. Conclusion: We found a lower
occurrence of cancer in our SLE patients as compared with the reported literature.
Fulltext Laser-Assisted High Speed Machining of 316 Stainless Steel: The Effect of Water-Soluble Sago Starch Based Cutting Fluid on Surface Roughness and Tool Wear

Yasmin F, Tamrin KF, Sheikh NA, Barroy P, Yassin A, Khan AA, et al.

Materials (Basel), 2021 Mar 09;14(5).
PMID: 33803364 DOI: 10.3390/ma14051311

Laser-assisted high speed milling is a subtractive machining method that employs a laser to thermally soften a difficult-to-cut material's surface in order to enhance machinability at a high material removal rate with improved surface finish and tool life. However, this machining with high speed leads to high friction between workpiece and tool, and can result in high temperatures, impairing the surface quality. Use of conventional cutting fluid may not effectively control the heat generation. Besides, vegetable-based cutting fluids are invariably a major source of food insecurity of edible oils which is traditionally used as a staple food in many countries. Thus, the primary objective of this study is to experimentally investigate the effects of water-soluble sago starch-based cutting fluid on surface roughness and tool's flank wear using response surface methodology (RSM) while machining of 316 stainless steel. In order to observe the comparison, the experiments with same machining parameters are conducted with conventional cutting fluid. The prepared water-soluble sago starch based cutting fluid showed excellent cooling and lubricating performance. Therefore, in comparison to the machining using conventional cutting fluid, a decrease of 48.23% in surface roughness and 38.41% in flank wear were noted using presented approach. Furthermore, using the extreme learning machine (ELM), the obtained data is modeled to predict surface roughness and flank wear and showed good agreement between observations and predictions.
Fulltext Tuberculosis among people living with HIV/AIDS in Jazan Region, Southwestern Saudi Arabia

Darraj MA, Abdulhaq AA, Yassin A, Mubarki S, Shalaby HM, Keynan Y, et al.

J Infect Public Health, 2021 Nov;14(11):1571-1577.
PMID: 34656963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.09.009

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) infections are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are highly susceptible to TB infection and progression to active TB disease. This study aims to determine the proportion and risk factors of TB among PLWHA in Jazan Region, southwestern Saudi Arabia.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-infected individuals attending the main referral hospital in Jazan Region during the period 2017-2019. The participants' TB status, CD4+ lymphocyte count, and viral load were assessed. In addition, their demographic and clinical information was collected using a structured questionnaire.
RESULTS: A total of 316 HIV-positive individuals aged between 13 and 81 years (75% male and 25% female) were enrolled in this study. Of them, 30 (9.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.2, 10.6%) were diagnosed with TB: 46.7% (14/30) had pulmonary TB and 53.3% (16/30) had extrapulmonary TB. The highest proportion of TB-positive PLWHA was found among participants aged 18-30 years (11.6%) and among non-Saudis (14.0%) when compared to other age groups and Saudi participants (7.4%). Multivariate analysis showed that male gender (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.79; 95% CI = 1.22, 18.74), past medical history (PMH) of TB (AOR = 29.67; 95% CI = 5.31, 164.32), PMH of other RTIs (AOR = 5.86; 95 % CI = 2.14, 16.06), CD4+ lymphocyte count of <200 cells/mm³ (AOR = 4.33; 95% CI = 1.65, 11.36), and viral load of ≥1 × 103 copies/mL (AOR = 5.46; 95% CI = 2.02, 14.77) were the significant risk factors of TB among the studied PLWHA.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of TB/HIV co-infection among the studied population was 9.5%. Therefore, all PLWHA should be screened for TB at every visit to a health facility. The findings highlight that integration of health services for both TB and HIV/AIDS in Saudi Arabia is recommended.